Saturday, December 8, 2018

command line - How to list all installed packages from a specific category (component)

Is it possible to list all installed packages from a specific official repository component (Main, Restricted, Universe or Multiverse) using utilities like apt, apt-cache, aptitude?



I wrote a simple script for this purpose:




dpkg -l | grep ^ii | cut -f3 -d ' ' | while read -r pkg;
do
status=`apt-cache show $pkg | grep -m1 "Section: multiverse"`
if [ ! -z "$status" ]
then
echo $pkg
fi
done;



It works, but it's really slow cause it's checking all packages one by one. Running the time command for this script will produce:



real    1m16.797s
user 0m57.008s
sys 0m8.260s


I already tried aptitude search patterns, and dpkg-query formating, but it seems they don't have the proper column/schema to create a query for this purpose.




I also had a look at vrms script to find out how it's works, because it's really fast in finding contrib/non-free packages, it's seems that vrms script scans the whole /var/lib/dpkg/status file, looking for things like 'Section: (contrib | non-free | restricted | multiverse | partner )', so it wasn't helpful either, because not all packages have this section.

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