Tuesday, January 26, 2016

gnome - Running a long command, split into multiple lines, in a .desktop file?

Say we have this file, start-term-tabs.sh:


gnome-terminal \
--tab --title="Term 1" \
--working-directory=/tmp \
-e "bash -i" \
--tab-with-profile=Default --title="Term 2" \
--working-directory=/home \
-e "bash -i" \
--tab-with-profile=Default --title="Term 3" \
--working-directory=/etc \
-e "bash -i"

Because this is a long command, and for readibility reasons, I like to split it in multiple lines, by escaping the line feed on each line. By doing chmod +x start-term-tabs.sh, I can double-click the start-term-tabs.sh on the desktop and it will start, but it will show the super-annoying 'Do you want to run "start-term-tabs.desktop", or display its contents?':


doyouwant


... on which I have to click "Run" each time.


Now, I could make a test.desktop file like this:


[Desktop Entry]
Name=start-term-tabs test
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=/usr/share/app-install/icons/terminal-tango.svg
Exec=/home/USER/Desktop/start-term-tabs.sh

... and after doing chmod +x test.desktop, everything runs; but then I have to manage two files, and I'd instead like to manage only one file.


So, I tried tucking in the entire above gnome-terminal command line in there, and when it is as a single line in the Exec field:


Exec=gnome-terminal   --tab --title="Term 1"     --working-directory=/tmp     -e "bash -i"   --tab-with-profile=Default --title="Term 2"     --working-directory=/home     -e "bash -i"   --tab-with-profile=Default --title="Term 3"     --working-directory=/etc     -e "bash -i"

... it also does work fine, but it is quite difficult for me to manage it when it is on only one line.


But when I try to split it inside the .desktop file, that is:


[Desktop Entry]
Name=start-term-tabs test
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=/usr/share/app-install/icons/terminal-tango.svg
Exec=gnome-terminal \
--tab --title="Term 1" \
--working-directory=/tmp \
-e "bash -i" \
--tab-with-profile=Default --title="Term 2" \
--working-directory=/home \
-e "bash -i" \
--tab-with-profile=Default --title="Term 3" \
--working-directory=/etc \
-e "bash -i"

... then as soon as I save this, the icon is not shown on the .desktop file any more, that is it starts looking like this:


deskicon


... and so it is not treated as a valid .desktop file, so when it is double-clicked, again I get the "Do you want to run..." prompt, and even if I say Run, no gnome-terminal is started, so something ends up horribly here.


So, how could I split a long command for the Exec field in a .desktop file in multiple lines, - possibly using some sort of escaping - and still have it run properly?


I've seen https://specifications.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/desktop-entry-spec-latest.html#exec-variables, and I've tried using \\ everywhere instead of just \, but that doesn't help - and I otherwise cannot tell what I should do to get this working...

wireless - Can't connect to wifi with BCM43142

Lubuntu is the only system on the computer, I have tried for a few weeks to fix this issue but to no avail. Here is the wireless info script output




########## wireless info START ##########

Report from: 04 Oct 2018 07:40 EDT -0400

Booted last: 04 Oct 2018 00:00 EDT -0400

Script from: 10 Jan 2018 20:04 UTC +0000

##### release ###########################


Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS
Release: 18.04
Codename: bionic

##### kernel ############################

Linux 4.15.0-34-generic #37-Ubuntu SMP Mon Aug 27 15:21:48 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Parameters: ro, quiet, splash, vt.handoff=1


##### desktop ###########################

Lubuntu

##### lspci #############################

01:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries BCM43142 802.11b/g/n [14e4:4365] (rev 01)
Subsystem: Dell Wireless 1704 802.11n + BT 4.0 [1028:0016]
Kernel modules: bcma, wl


02:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL810xE PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller [10ec:8136] (rev 05)
Subsystem: Dell RTL810xE PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller [1028:0564]
Kernel driver in use: r8169

##### lsusb #############################

Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0bda:58bf Realtek Semiconductor Corp.

Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0bda:0129 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTS5129 Card Reader Controller
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

##### PCMCIA card info ##################

##### rfkill ############################


##### lsmod #############################

wl 6447104 0
dell_laptop 20480 0
cfg80211 651264 1 wl
dell_wmi 16384 0
dell_smbios 16384 3 dell_wmi,dell_laptop,dell_smbios_smm
compat 16384 1 cfg80211
dell_wmi_descriptor 16384 1 dell_wmi
sparse_keymap 16384 1 dell_wmi

wmi_bmof 16384 0
wmi 24576 3 dell_wmi,wmi_bmof,dell_wmi_descriptor
video 45056 3 dell_wmi,dell_laptop,i915

##### interfaces ########################

[/etc/network/interfaces]
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback


##### ifconfig ##########################

1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp2s0: mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether brd

inet 192.168.1.69/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp2s0
valid_lft 84907sec preferred_lft 84907sec
inet6 fe80::7ca1:87ad:2097:59fa/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

##### iwconfig ##########################

lo no wireless extensions.

enp2s0 no wireless extensions.


##### route #############################

default via 192.168.1.254 dev enp2s0 proto dhcp metric 100
192.168.1.0/24 dev enp2s0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.69 metric 100

##### resolv.conf #######################

nameserver 127.0.0.53
search lan


##### network managers ##################

Installed:

NetworkManager

Running:

root 540 1 0 07:14 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon


##### NetworkManager info ###############

GENERAL.DEVICE: enp2s0
GENERAL.TYPE: ethernet
GENERAL.NM-TYPE: NMDeviceEthernet
GENERAL.VENDOR: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
GENERAL.PRODUCT: RTL810xE PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller
GENERAL.DRIVER: r8169
GENERAL.DRIVER-VERSION: 2.3LK-NAPI

GENERAL.FIRMWARE-VERSION: --
GENERAL.HWADDR:
GENERAL.MTU: 1500
GENERAL.STATE: 100 (connected)
GENERAL.REASON: 0 (No reason given)
GENERAL.UDI: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.4/0000:02:00.0/net/enp2s0
GENERAL.IP-IFACE: enp2s0
GENERAL.IS-SOFTWARE: no
GENERAL.NM-MANAGED: yes
GENERAL.AUTOCONNECT: yes

GENERAL.FIRMWARE-MISSING: no
GENERAL.NM-PLUGIN-MISSING: no
GENERAL.PHYS-PORT-ID: --
GENERAL.CONNECTION: Wired connection 1
GENERAL.CON-UUID: e950e564-f418-385e-bf25-a9677f55feea
GENERAL.CON-PATH: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1
GENERAL.METERED: no (guessed)
CAPABILITIES.CARRIER-DETECT: yes
CAPABILITIES.SPEED: 100 Mb/s
CAPABILITIES.IS-SOFTWARE: no

CAPABILITIES.SRIOV: no
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER: on
IP4.ADDRESS[1]: 192.168.1.69/24
IP4.GATEWAY: 192.168.1.254
IP4.ROUTE[1]: dst = 0.0.0.0/0, nh = 192.168.1.254, mt = 100
IP4.ROUTE[2]: dst = 192.168.1.0/24, nh = 0.0.0.0, mt = 100
IP4.DNS[1]: 192.168.1.254
IP4.DOMAIN[1]: lan
DHCP4.OPTION[1]: requested_domain_search = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[2]: requested_interface_mtu = 1

DHCP4.OPTION[3]: requested_broadcast_address = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[4]: requested_domain_name = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[5]: requested_rfc3442_classless_static_routes = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[6]: requested_time_offset = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[7]: time_offset = 0
DHCP4.OPTION[8]: expiry = 1538738167
DHCP4.OPTION[9]: requested_netbios_scope = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[10]: next_server = 192.168.1.254
DHCP4.OPTION[11]: requested_wpad = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[12]: broadcast_address = 192.168.1.255

DHCP4.OPTION[13]: requested_subnet_mask = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[14]: dhcp_lease_time = 86400
DHCP4.OPTION[15]: ip_address = 192.168.1.69
DHCP4.OPTION[16]: dhcp_message_type = 5
DHCP4.OPTION[17]: requested_static_routes = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[18]: requested_domain_name_servers = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[19]: host_name = ciara-Inspiron-5720
DHCP4.OPTION[20]: routers = 192.168.1.254
DHCP4.OPTION[21]: domain_name = lan
DHCP4.OPTION[22]: requested_ntp_servers = 1

DHCP4.OPTION[23]: requested_netbios_name_servers = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[24]: domain_name_servers = 192.168.1.254
DHCP4.OPTION[25]: requested_routers = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[26]: requested_ms_classless_static_routes = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[27]: subnet_mask = 255.255.255.0
DHCP4.OPTION[28]: requested_host_name = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[29]: network_number = 192.168.1.0
DHCP4.OPTION[30]: dhcp_server_identifier = 192.168.1.254
IP6.ADDRESS[1]: fe80::7ca1:87ad:2097:59fa/64
IP6.GATEWAY: --

IP6.ROUTE[1]: dst = ff00::/8, nh = ::, mt = 256, table=255
IP6.ROUTE[2]: dst = fe80::/64, nh = ::, mt = 256
IP6.ROUTE[3]: dst = fe80::/64, nh = ::, mt = 100
CONNECTIONS.AVAILABLE-CONNECTION-PATHS: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Settings/{2}
CONNECTIONS.AVAILABLE-CONNECTIONS[1]: e950e564-f418-385e-bf25-a9677f55feea | Wired connection 1

##### NetworkManager.state ##############

[main]
NetworkingEnabled=true

WirelessEnabled=true
WWANEnabled=true

##### NetworkManager.conf ###############

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile

[ifupdown]
managed=false


[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

##### NetworkManager profiles ###########

[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/plusnet]] (600 root)

[connection] id=plusnet | type=wifi | permissions=
[wifi] mac-address-blacklist= | ssid=PLUSNET-RTKZ
[ipv4] method=auto
[ipv6] method=auto

##### Netplan config ####################

[/etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml]
network:
version: 2

renderer: NetworkManager

##### iw reg get ########################

Region: America/New_York (based on set time zone)

global
country 00: DFS-UNSET
(2402 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 20), (N/A)
(2457 - 2482 @ 20), (N/A, 20), (N/A), AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN

(2474 - 2494 @ 20), (N/A, 20), (N/A), NO-OFDM, PASSIVE-SCAN
(5170 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (N/A), AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN
(5250 - 5330 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN
(5490 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 20), (0 ms), DFS, PASSIVE-SCAN
(5735 - 5835 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (N/A), PASSIVE-SCAN
(57240 - 63720 @ 2160), (N/A, 0), (N/A)

##### iwlist channels ###################

lo no frequency information.


enp2s0 no frequency information.

##### iwlist scan #######################

lo Interface doesn't support scanning.

enp2s0 Interface doesn't support scanning.

##### module infos ######################


[wl]
filename: /lib/modules/4.15.0-34-generic/updates/dkms/wl.ko
license: MIXED/Proprietary
license: MIXED/Proprietary
srcversion: 60D2D7E603B418654C8C9AA
depends: cfg80211
retpoline: Y
name: wl
vermagic: 4.15.0-34-generic SMP mod_unload

parm: passivemode:int
parm: wl_txq_thresh:int
parm: oneonly:int
parm: piomode:int
parm: instance_base:int
parm: nompc:int
parm: intf_name:string

[cfg80211]
filename: /lib/modules/4.15.0-34-generic/updates/net/wireless/cfg80211.ko

version: iwlwifi-stack-public:master:7276:8a669024
description: wireless configuration support
license: GPL
author: Johannes Berg
srcversion: E44E0187B00EA3749FD374F
depends: compat
retpoline: Y
name: cfg80211
vermagic: 4.15.0-34-generic SMP mod_unload
parm: bss_entries_limit:limit to number of scan BSS entries (per wiphy, default 1000) (int)

parm: ieee80211_regdom:IEEE 802.11 regulatory domain code (charp)
parm: cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz:Disable 40MHz support in the 2.4GHz band (bool)

##### module parameters #################

[cfg80211]
bss_entries_limit: 1000
cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz: N
ieee80211_regdom: 00


##### /etc/modules ######################

##### modprobe options ##################

[/etc/modprobe.d/amd64-microcode-blacklist.conf]
blacklist microcode

[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ath_pci.conf]
blacklist ath_pci


[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf]
blacklist evbug
blacklist usbmouse
blacklist usbkbd
blacklist eepro100
blacklist de4x5
blacklist eth1394
blacklist snd_intel8x0m
blacklist snd_aw2
blacklist i2c_i801

blacklist prism54
blacklist bcm43xx
blacklist garmin_gps
blacklist asus_acpi
blacklist snd_pcsp
blacklist pcspkr
blacklist amd76x_edac
blacklist r8169

[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-rare-network.conf]

alias net-pf-3 off
alias net-pf-6 off
alias net-pf-9 off
alias net-pf-11 off
alias net-pf-12 off
alias net-pf-19 off
alias net-pf-21 off
alias net-pf-36 off

[/etc/modprobe.d/broadcom-sta-dkms.conf]

blacklist b43
blacklist b43legacy
blacklist b44
blacklist bcma
blacklist brcm80211
blacklist brcmsmac
blacklist ssb

[/etc/modprobe.d/intel-microcode-blacklist.conf]
blacklist microcode


[/etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf]
remove iwlwifi \
(/sbin/lsmod | grep -o -e ^iwlmvm -e ^iwldvm -e ^iwlwifi | xargs /sbin/rmmod) \
&& /sbin/modprobe -r mac80211

[/etc/modprobe.d/libpisock9.conf]
blacklist visor

[/etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723de.conf]

options rtl8723de ant_sel=2

##### rc.local ##########################

grep: /etc/rc.local: No such file or directory

##### pm-utils ##########################

##### udev rules ########################


##### dmesg #############################

[ 25.109705] name 'brcm_monitor0'
[ 25.109777] wl_free+0xcb/0x280 [wl]
[ 25.109855] wl_pci_probe+0x648/0xf75 [wl]
[ 25.109900] wl_module_init+0x89/0x8b [wl]
[ 37.378321] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp2s0: link is not ready
[ 37.677903] r8169 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: link down
[ 37.678011] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp2s0: link is not ready
[ 118.892086] r8169 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: link up

[ 118.892100] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp2s0: link becomes ready

########## wireless info END ############


Any help would be massively appreciated. I'm not a techie, so it is probably something really simple that I'm missing.

Monday, January 25, 2016

bug reporting - How can I track a bug that caused a crash and was reported via apport / whoopsie?



It used to be that when a program crashed, especially when a user was using a pre-release of Ubuntu, apport could be used to open a bug report. The user could then track the bug, see if it affected others, help fix it, etc.



As of Precise 12.04, this behavior and workflow changed. As I discovered in Bug #993450 “Apport fails to submit bug report”, by default apport no longer opens a bug report (and it is awkward but not impossible to get it to do so). At the same time people are noticing a new "whoopsie" process, as described at What is the 'whoopsie' process and what does it do?.



After some more googling, I dug this blueprint up, which describes the whole process:

ErrorTracker - Ubuntu Wiki. (It didn't mention whoopsie or daisy, so I added them - please correct me if I got it wrong).



Wow - this sounds like great work to streamline and improve the crash reporting process.



I'm left with this question: how does a user learn what the status of the problem is?
The blueprint now has this requirement




The user should have some way to check back on the status of their crash report; e.g. have some report ID they can look at to see statistics and/or any associated bug #. E.g. provide a serial number at time of filing that they can load via a web page later on.





which seems unimplemented. Is there anything available in the meantime?



And how does a developer get into the game? Going to https://daisy.ubuntu.com just provides an "Incorrect Content-Type" error message.



Finally, I suggest documenting the apport behavior changes in the Release Notes. It should be of interest to anyone who has been trying to help out Ubuntu.



Thanks for your interest in the Ubuntu error tracker project.





As of Precise 12.04, this behavior and workflow changed. As I discovered in Bug #993450 “Apport fails to submit bug report”, by default apport no longer opens a bug report (and it is awkward but not impossible to get it to do so).




Apport never created bug reports post-release. When a release is still in development you can use apport to file Launchpad bugs (and error reports).



In a final released version of Ubuntu we now show error dialogs. This is a great improvement from a program "going away" without any feedback and the user being left wondering what just happened.



The statistics from the data collected when people choose to send these reports show up on http://errors.ubuntu.com.





I'm left with this question: how does a user learn what the status of the problem is? The blueprint now has this requirement




The user should have some way to check back on the status of their crash report; e.g. have some report ID they can look at to see statistics and/or any associated bug #. E.g. provide a serial number at time of filing that they can load via a web page later on.





I'm going to remove that. That was never the intent. The user interface is careful not to make promises about getting any feedback on the report.



These are not bug reports.




Our intent is to reduce the amount of time it takes for developers to find the most pressing issues, collect the needed information to fix them, and get the fixes to users.



We've solved the problem of finding the most pressing issues. That's the front page of http://errors.ubuntu.com.



Collecting the needed information quickly, and without involving a long feedback loop with users who are experiencing the problem is addressed in foundations-q-bucketing-improvements. The plan is to allow developers to hook into the information collection process server-side. If I need /var/log/syslog but it's not already provided, I just change a setting on http://errors.ubuntu.com and the next person who experiences the error automatically adds it to the data they're sending.



Getting fixes to users quickly is addressed in foundations-q-updates-from-crash-reports. When users submit an error report and that error has already been fixed and released, a dialog will come up asking if they would like to upgrade to the version of the software which fixes the problem they just experienced.





And how does a developer get into the game? Going to https://daisy.ubuntu.com just provides an "Incorrect Content-Type" error message.




http://daisy.ubuntu.com is not intended to be used by humans. It's there for the error reporting daemon (whoopsie) to send reports to.



It would be absolutely wonderful for other people to get involved. I'm currently the only one hacking on this full-time.



There are four parts to the system.





  • Apport, which provides the desktop user interface.

  • Whoopsie, which takes reports (and core dumps) created by Apport and shovels them into the error tracker server, Daisy.

  • Daisy, which collects reports from Whoopsie and processes them. This is the heart of the service. It's what turns the core files into retraced reports and generates the statistics you see on http://errors.ubuntu.com.

  • Errors, which is a Django-based website providing both a human readable view of the data and a RESTful API for working with it.



There is a slightly out-of-date set of scripts under the setup/ directory in lp:daisy that should give you some idea of how the pieces fit together. I've been working on juju charms to replace this. The goal is a single command to deploy the entire infrastructure in the cloud for testing and development.



You can find my email address on Launchpad if you have further development questions.




More info:




scripts - How do I use command line arguments in bash?

This script moves all the doc files to a specified directory. I have managed to put an argument but the problem I am facing is putting the full path where the scripts are moving to, for example I want to run the script like this below


./loo -d then path where im moving the files (i.e ./loo -d the second argument where files are moving to)

this is my code


#!/bin/bash
From="/home/elg19/lone/doc"
To="/home/elg19/documents"
if [ $1 = -d ]; then
cd "$From"
for i in pdf txt doc; do
find . -type f -name "*.${i}" -exec mv "{}" "$To" \;
done
fi

drivers - Ubuntu 16.04 unable to boot with GTX 1080

I am using Ubuntu 16.04 with GTX 1080. On my first boot, the screen turn black after I selected Ubuntu in grub. After I added nomodeset, the black screen gone however it only shows the Ubuntu default background image. It can't reach the login screen.

drivers - Ubuntu Freezing after login, can't install gdm3, other solutions not working

I am on Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS, and the computer freezes after I enter in my login information.




I have looked thoroughly at the solutions presented on Ubuntu gets stuck in a login loop but none of them work for me. I changed the ownership on ~/.ICEauthority and I don't have a ~/.Xauthority



I am using gdm3, not lightdm. I switched to lightdm, but then uninstalled it.



Now I cannot install gdm. Package 'gdm' has no installation candidate. What?! I've also tried gdm3 which doesn't appear to exist either. Solution here How do I switch from LightDM to GDM? doesn't work



per Freeze after login Ubuntu 18.04 I tried sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa I get errors that this bionic Release does not have a Release file.



as suggested on other pages, I've done sudo ubuntu-drivers devices which outputs




==sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-7/1-7:1.1 ==
modalias: usb:.......
vender: Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
driver : rt18812au-dkms - distro free



the output of apt-search gdm3 is that I have gdm3/bionic-updates,bioinc-secuirty, now 3.28.3-0ubuntu18.04.4 amd64 [installed] GNOME Display Manager



output of sudo apt-get check shows no problems.




output of sudo lshw -C memory:



*- firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: LENOVO
physical id: 0
version: 3JCN19WW
date: 08/10/2016
size: 128 KiB
capacity: 6016KiB

capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppynec int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13flopppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
*-cache: 0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1 cache
size: 128KiB
capacity: 128KiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified
configuration: level=1
*-cache: 1

description: L2 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1 cache
size: 512KiB
capacity: 512KiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified
configuration: level=2
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: 24

slot: System board or motherboard
size: 8GiB
*-bank:0
description: SODIMM DDR4 Synchronous 2133 MHz (0.5ns)
product: M471A5244BB0-CPB
vendor: Samsung
physical id: 0
serial: 00000000
slot: ChannelA-DIMMO
size: 4GiB

width: 64 bits
clock: 2133MHz (0.5ns)
*-bank:1
description: SODIMM DDR4 Synchronous 2133 MHz (0.5ns)
product: M471A5143EB1-CRC
vendor: Samsung
physical id: 1
serial: 974F4E14
slot: ChannelB-DIMMO
size: 4GiB

width: 64 bits
clock: 2133MHz (0.5ns)
*-memory UNCLAIMED
description: Memory controller
product: Sunrise Point-LP PMC
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2
version: 21
width: 32 bits

clock: 33MHz (30.3ns)
capabilities: bus_master
configuration: latency = 0
resources: memory:bi224000-bi227fff


output of free -h



        total   used   free   shared   buff/cache   available
Mem: 7.7G 355M 6.8G 106M 574M 7.0G

Swap: 7.9G 0B 7.9G


now I'm totally stuck. How do I get my Ubuntu back?

installation - Windows 7 and Ubuntu Boot/Corruption Problems

I searched around, but I couldn't find the answer to why Windows 7 Ultimate 64x and Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64x couldn't live together happily on my Asus G1s-X1 laptop.


I had Windows 7 Ultimate 64x installed on the laptop when I bought it (bought it used, it comes with Vista new) and I wanted to try out Ubuntu and see what all the hype about the free OS was. I installed Ubuntu on an external 80GB iomega HDD with Windows 7 on my main drive.


They both work fine for about 2-3 weeks, until Ubuntu suddenly is unable to boot. A few days after Ubuntu fails, Windows corrupts majorly (winload.exe, ntkrnlpa.exe, and various others corrupt randomly) and Windows Recovery Environment is completely useless.


Booting to a live USB with Ubuntu and trying to reinstall it fails, and trying to wipe the main drive and install it there fails as well (something about my graphics card.) I managed to get Windows 7 Ultimate 64x back up and running (after many disk formats) but now I am left with a broken (and invisible) Ubuntu installation on the external drive.


Is there any way to get the broken and non-bootable Ubuntu installation off the HDD without damaging or erasing the many files and programs installed and stored on the 80GB drive?

11.10 - Can't boot from USB after installing Ubuntu

I bought a Samsung series 5 notebook and a very strange thing happened: I installed Ubuntu 11.10 from a usb pen drive but when I restarted (...