12.04 - Which software should I use on Ubuntu to create a Windows XP LiveUSB?

Possible Duplicate:
How to create Windows XP LiveUSB using Ubuntu to replace it

Since many programs that I need only work on XP, I need to install Windows XP on my 2 laptops but I can't use an optical drive, which makes using a USB the only option.

If it helps, I can tell you that I used to have Vista and Windows 7 on my 2 laptops but I clean installed Ubuntu 12.04 on one, and Lubuntu on the other. Also I have no trace of Windows left on any of my laptops, when I bought my laptops they came without a Windows CD, so I only had a 20GB partition on my hard drives (which I formatted when I clean installed Ubuntu and Lubuntu.)

Also, I have no problem with clean installing Windows XP and the reinstalling Ubuntu/Lubuntu so I can dual boot.

Thanks!

Edit: I have a ISO file ready, on a USB.

virtualization - Xen boot fails on HP Z8

I followed the instructions in https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Xen.
Well, the first two steps. After the reboot, I am presented with:

Loading Xen 4.9-amd_64 ...
WARNING: no console will be available to OS
Loading Linux 4.15.0-20-generic ...
Loading initial ramdisk ...

Nothing more.

Does anyone run Ubuntu as dom0 in Xen these days?
This is on a new HP Z8 workstation with dual "silver xeon 4114" which should have all the requisite functions.

I am a bit concerned about the lack of much detail in the BIOS. About the only thing I can tweak is the Hyper-threading setting.

How to make a persistent live Ubuntu USB with more than 4GB

I want to make a persistent live Ubuntu USB drive with more than 4GB of storage.

I know there is an option of installing directly on the drive but I don't want to do this as it will restrict the drive from working on different computers.

One option is to make an additional partition with extra space but if I do this how can I get newly installed software to be stored on this partition?

The current Unix USB Installers (e.g. Universal USB Installer from PenDriveLinux.com) create a persistent file on the boot partition together with the other files needed for booting. This boot partition is formatted with FAT32 and because of limitations in FAT32, the maximum size of this file is 4GB. To have more persistent storage, this file can be replaced by a partition. The size of such a partition is only limited by the size of the USB drive.

I used the GParted partition manager to resize the FAT32 partition and make space for a big EXT4 partition for the persistent storage. The persistent file can simply be deleted and at the next boot, the Ubuntu system will automatically use the bigger persistent partition. There is one complication, though: you need another Ubuntu system to do this because Ubuntu cannot modify its own active boot partition.

I used a 2nd USB drive with Ubuntu live. For the instructions below I used "32 bit Ubuntu 13.10 desktop" version.

1. Install Ubuntu live on 2 USB drives. Configure a small persistent
   storage of around 100 MB for each of the USB drives.




2. Boot Ubuntu from one of the USB drives. Make sure the other USB drive is unplugged.




3. Start "GParted Partition Editor" from the Ubuntu Dash. This partition manager is default installed in 13.10.




4. Insert the other USB drive, wait a short moment and do a refresh in GParted (Ctrl+R). You will notice that a new device is added at bottom of the list of devices. Check that the size matches with the target USB drive. Select this device (see example picture below, the device name can be different on your system).

   
   

   




5. Check that the mount point (/media/ubuntu/UUI) is identical as in above picture.




6. Open a terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T) and remove the persistent file with the following command (adjust this command if the mount point is different in your case):

   
   

   rm -v /media/ubuntu/UUI/casper-rw
   




7. Refresh GParted (Ctrl+R) and notice the change in "Used".




8. Right-click on the partition and select unmount. You will notice that the Mount Point is no longer displayed.




9. Right-click on the partition and select Resize/Move. Select New size: 1000. This will leave some space to store additional or updated files. Click "Resize/Move". An "unallocated" partion will appear




10. Now create a new partition for the persistent storage. Select the unallocated partition and right click on New.




11. Select file system “ext4“ and label casper-rw and click Add.

    
    

    




12. Check if everything looks OK and click on the green check mark to apply all pending operations.

    
    

    




13. Shut down Ubuntu, remove the first USB drive (this USB drive is no longer needed) and reboot from the second USB drive.




14. Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and type the following command:

    
    

    df . -h
    

    
    

    Check that the Avail size matches with the persistent partition size you created.

    
    

    

14.04 - Upgrade warning for 3D graphics not supported, but this is brand new system, Intel graphics. What's up?

Currently running 12.04LTS looking to upgrade to 14.04LTS. Received the following warning from upgrade manager before starting upgrade:

Running the 'unity' desktop environment is not fully supported by your graphics hardware. You will maybe end up in a very slow environment after the upgrade.

Followed link to suggested web site::
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Bugs/UpdateManagerWarningForUnity3D

Warning is titled: "Updating a system without support for 3d to run the unity shell". It says I probably have old hardware. This is literally a brand new box, although a budget Lenovo model (H50). It has Intel Pentium G3250 (3.20GHz 1333MHz 3MB), Intel HD Graphics (on board generic Intel graphics, hardly unusual), 12GB memory. Runs 12.04 perfectly fine. Dual boot with Windows 7, which also runs fine.

Reference another Ask ubuntu question about same thing, but with no hardware specifics:
Upgrade popup says my graphic hardware is not supported. Is this true?

I would think many systems these days without specialized graphics cards come with Intel graphics on the motherboard. Is this really not supported by Ubuntu?

update, I tried 14.04 by booting the CD, that worked fine. It recognized the graphics card correctly, per the system details page. Did not try installing from the CD.

update, info for command lspci -nn:

00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation Haswell DRAM Controller [8086:0c00] (rev 06)
00:01.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Haswell PCI Express x16 Controller [8086:0c01] (rev 06)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Haswell Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:0402] (rev 06)
00:03.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation Haswell HD Audio Controller [8086:0c0c] (rev 06)

00:14.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point USB xHCI Host Controller [8086:8c31] (rev 05)
00:16.0 Communication controller [0780]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point MEI Controller #1 [8086:8c3a] (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 [8086:8c2d] (rev 05)
00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point HD Audio Controller [8086:8c20] (rev 05)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point PCI Express Root Port 1 [8086:8c10] (rev d5)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point PCI Express Root Port 3 [8086:8c14] (rev d5)
00:1c.5 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point PCI Express Root Port 6 [8086:8c1a] (rev d5)
00:1d.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 [8086:8c26] (rev 05)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point LPC Controller [8086:8c5c] (rev 05)
00:1f.2 SATA controller [0106]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point 6-Port SATA AHCI Controller [8086:8c02] (rev 05)

00:1f.3 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation Lynx Point SMBus Controller [8086:8c22] (rev 05)
01:00.0 Serial Attached SCSI controller [0107]: Adaptec ASC-1405 Unified Serial HBA [9005:0450] (rev 02)
03:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller [10ec:8168] (rev 0c)
04:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Atheros Communications Inc. Device [168c:0036] (rev 01)

Qt compatibility with GTK themes (Qbittorrent)?

How can I make my Qbittorrent look somewhat more like my GTK theme or
just normal without switching/changing my current theme?

As usual I tried something and this came out:

---

How it looks without changes:

How it looks when I save settings with "Qt settings 4" while having Qbittorrent open:

Looks much better |:3

The problem is when I close and open it again it looks like there the settings didn't save.
(It looked like the first image)

---

I have no idea if I'm misunderstanding some stuff here but this what I can make out of it.
Thanks for reading, any help kind of help would be quite nice.

no mysql workbench in ubuntu 12.04 software center

I have already installed MySQL workbench from the Software Center on a recent installation of Ubuntu 12.10 (32 bit) with no problems. Since then, I just installed ubuntu 12.04 LTS on another machine (64 bit) and I can't find it in the software center.

Is there a way I can enable the repositories to make it available to me? I know it exists for 12.10 so I am assuming it is available for 12.04.

Thanks for any input!

UPDATE

I switch my server in the software sources GUI (from Ubuntu Software Center go to Edit -> Software Sources..)

I was set to the Spain server (since I am in Spain) and I switched it to the Main Server, then did apt-get update and i was able to install with apt-get after that.

grub2 - Windows 10 update ruined by Windows/Ubuntu dual boot

I had a Ubuntu/Windows 7 dual boot set up on my laptop. An updater tried to install Windows 10 in the middle of the night and now when I start the laptop, I get the grub rescue prompt. I tried this solution but ls into any partition gives me unknown filesystem.

I installed the boot-repair utility with a Live USB and ran a "Recommended Repair", which after a few minutes reported it had ran successfully but the grub prompt was there waiting for me when I restarted the laptop. Incidentally, most of the advanced options are grayed out. Here's the boot info summary.

I then tried to repair/restore using the Live USB assuming sda1 to be the Linux partition but chroot gave me failed to run command ‘/bin/bash’: No such file or directory. Taking a closer look at the boot into summary, the boot sector type is listed as Windows 8/2012...

I'm losing hope that I'll be able to recover any of my data :/ Any advice would be greatly appreciated!

EDIT: Thanks to oldfred, I can access both Ubuntu and Windows 10 from the grub menu at boot. In order to restore Windows 10, I booted from an Ubuntu Live USB and ran:

sudo apt-get install syslinux
sudo dd if=/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sda

Windows didn't register my Ubuntu ext4 within an extended partition with the swap space. This was resolved, again from the Live USB, with parted:

sudo parted /dev/sda unit s print
sudo parted

(parted) unit s
(parted) rescue

Input start & end and see if it finds partition. If a new partition is discovered, install boot-repair and run "Recommended Fix" to reinstall grub. Check out the solution comments for more details!

For BIOS only:

If Boot-Repair will not see Windows and offer to install the syslinux boot loader, you can install it manually.

sudo apt-get install syslinux
sudo dd if=/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sda

You only want the syslinux boot loader as it is a Windows type boot loader that looks for more boot information in the partition with the boot flag. You do not want syslinux putting its additional boot data in the Windows partition, but want syslinux just to boot & pass boot to Windows code in the partition boot sector.

How to restore the Ubuntu/XP/Vista/7/8/10 BIOS bootloader

12.04 - How well does Ubuntu run on the ASUS Eee tablet?

I'm considering buying an ASUS Eee Transformer Prime. I mainly want it so I can do some light web coding on the go. I commute a lot and most of my time is spent on the trains unfortunately. I know that it is possible to install Ubuntu on the transformer prime.

I'm also aware that it is not stable since its something new. I'm wondering if anyone has tried it, how responsive/ fast is it? Does the batter die quickly?

11.04 - Wireless doesn't work on a Broadcom BCM4311

I have an HP Pavilion dv6000 laptop. The wifi worked perfectly when I had 10.10 installed, the system says that the driver is installed and activated but I can't get the wifi to connect or turn on. It was all pretty much "automatic" when I was running 10.10.

03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM4311 802.11b/g WLAN [14e4:4311] (rev 01)

compatibility - does logitech C922 Pro compatible with ubuntu 16.04?

I am going to buy a webcam to be installed in Ubuntu 16.04. I am going to use it for skype

virtualbox - How to mount a virtual hard drive to an existing virtual image?

I need help expanding my hard drive.
I created a virtual image to run Ubuntu on an Oracle VM (fixed 8Gbs). I have since created a second virtual hard drive that will expand as needed. I want to install more software and allow the second hard drive take some of the load. My problem is in the mounting I believe. (i am new to linux)

Thus far i have partitioned the second drive and mounted it to /media/mynewdrive
But it just sits there. I need to move some programs over to the second drive. How do I do that?

16.04 - apt get update missing release file

After doing apt-get-update I always get these error messages:

Reading package lists... Done
W: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-audio-dev/ppa/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
N: Skipping acquire of configured file 'main/binary-i386/Packages' as repository 'http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease' doesn't support architecture 'i386'

E: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-audio-dev/ppa/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

I read a post saying the contents of /etc/apt/sources.list (see below) should be changed. Which lines need commenting out?

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release i386 (20111012)]/ oneiric main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.

deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any

## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu

## security team.
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review

## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse

```

EDIT:
contents of sources.list.d:

brightbox-ruby-ng-trusty.list
brightbox-ruby-ng-trusty.list.save
danielrichter2007-grub-customizer-precise.list
danielrichter2007-grub-customizer-precise.list.distUpgrade

danielrichter2007-grub-customizer-precise.list.save
google-chrome.list
google-chrome.list.distUpgrade
google-chrome.list.save
heroku.list
heyarje-libav-11-trusty.list
inkscape_dev-stable-trusty.list
inkscape_dev-stable-trusty.list.save
maarten-baert-simplescreenrecorder-trusty.list
maarten-baert-simplescreenrecorder-trusty.list.save

megasync.list
megasync.list.distUpgrade
megasync.list.save
ondrej-php-trusty.list
ondrej-php-trusty.list.save
oneiric-partner.list
oneiric-partner.list.distUpgrade
oneiric-partner.list.save
spring-ppa-trusty.list
spring-ppa-trusty.list.save

thomas_tsai-ubuntu-tuxboot-trusty.list
thomas_tsai-ubuntu-tuxboot-trusty.list.save
webupd8team-java-trusty.list
webupd8team-java-trusty.list.save

I have tested the ppa by adding them, it's also show same error you occurred:

W: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-audio-dev/ppa/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.

N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-audio-dev/ppa/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found

If you go to their launchpad ppa page, you'll see the ppa no longer available as 13.10 (Saucy Salamander), which cause 404 Not Found error:

In order to get rid of error, simply removing the ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:ubuntu-audio-dev/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-key del 72B194E5

Update

For There is no public key available error, run following on terminal:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 1397BC53640DB551

For google chrome in Release file error, do following steps:

1. Open a new Terminal window and run the following command:

   
   
   

   sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list
   





2. In the text file that opens edit the file so that the line reads:

   
   
   

   deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main
   




3. Hit Save. Close the Gedit window.

_Source

Using a DisplayLink USB video adapter on Ubuntu 12.10

The line of USB video adapters made by DisplayLink has a somewhat sordid history under Linux. In past Ubuntu releases, the process of getting them to work has been somewhat difficult, inspiring a number of past questions on this site:

example 1
example 2
example 3

However, there are some indications that version 3.5 of the Linux kernel (which is used by 12.10) contains better support for these adapters, which should make them easier to use. I currently have a single-GPU machine (it is an Nvidia adapter) with dual monitor outputs. I would like to add the DisplayLink adapter to drive a third external monitor. How can I set this up on Ubuntu 12.10?

networking - Unable to detect wifi networks in ubuntu 16.04 Realtek Semiconductor RTL8723DE device issue, their is a check mark on Enable wifi but no wifi networks

I am facing problem in detecting wifi networks, I have already gone through all the steps explained in Realtek Semiconductor RTL8723de device d723 issue. It helped and their is a check mark on enable wifi at the top right corner, but the laptop is unable to detect any network.

Kindly Help I will be greatful to you.

In your paste, we see:

rtl8723de 0000:03:00.0: Direct firmware load for

rtlwifi/rtl8723defw.bin failed with error -2

Let's install the needed firmware and reboot. From the terminal:

cd /lib/firmware/rtlwifi
sudo wget --no-check-certificate https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new/raw/extended/firmware/rtlwifi/rtl8723defw.bin

Reboot and tell us if the wireless is working.

command line - How to run a bash script after 20 sec on Login?

I want to run a bash script like:

#!/bin/bash          
echo 'cpu limit bomi player at 40%'

cpulimit -v -e bomi -l 40  

Just 20 seconds after Login into my user. Can you please help me to do that? I searched Google and did what they said but it didn't work for me.

If it's possible for the bash script to run in a new terminal window that will display the output, please tell me what I have to do to achieve that.

drivers - ATI Graphics Card Drivees Problem?

I recently obtained an old Dell server from my grandpa. Its old. Has 2.8 GHz Intel Xeon, 155gb HD, ATI rv1000 graphics, and 3gb ddr2 ram. I recent just put Ubuntu 14 on it. It runs very slowly. I've been deDing it coukd be a driver problem for my graphics card. It says my graphics is Gallium 0.4 on lvmpipe. Anyone know what I should do? Im Fairly new to Linux so bear with me.

I was never able to get Ubuntu working properly with my Video Card, but I installed Lubuntu on my system instead and that improved performance a lot.

partitioning - How do I allocate more disk space to the ubuntu partition

I have installed Ubuntu 16.04 LTS recently on my main Laptop.
It already had Windows 10 pre-installed. At first I allocated 70 gigs of memory for the Ubuntu installation. 50 gigs for the /root and 20 gigs for the /home partition.
I would like to know how to increase the disk space allocated to Ubuntu.

I ran sudo fdisk -l in terminal and following is the output.

Disk /dev/ram0: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram1: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram2: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram3: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram4: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram5: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram6: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram7: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram8: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram9: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram10: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram11: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram12: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram13: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram14: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram15: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: F2FDAD9A-3796-4517-929E-76BE3B882F60`
Device          Start        End   Sectors   Size Type
/dev/sda1        2048     923647    921600   450M Windows recovery environment
/dev/sda2      923648    1128447    204800   100M EFI System
/dev/sda3     1128448    1161215     32768    16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/sda4     1161216  512002047 510840832 243.6G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda5   512002048  874942463 362940416 173.1G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda6  1024002048 1536002047 512000000 244.1G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda7  1536002048 1953523711 417521664 199.1G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda8   874942464  984940543 109998080  52.5G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda9   984940544 1024002047  39061504  18.6G Linux filesystem

Partition table entries are not in disk order.

I have attached a screenshot from Gparted. Please help me increase the disk space for root and home directory.

Without having much of a chance to discuss the final desired target configuration with Shanu, I'll move forward making some assumptions.

What we'll do is to delete sda6 and resize sda9. We'll keep sda7 as an NTFS partition which can be used to transfer files between Windows and Ubuntu, or to act as a common file space. We'll also add a swap partition. If that's not acceptable, stop now.

• boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD or USB


• right-click on partition sda6 and choose delete


• right-click on partition sda9 and choose resize
  
  
  
  • in the window that pops up, in the graphic representation of the partition, hover the mouse pointer over the right side of the partition, and it'll turn into an arrow. Drag the arrow as far to the right leaving 16G of unallocated space between sda9 and sda7. Click OK.
  
  


• create a new partition in the space between sda9 and sda7. Create it as a swap file system.


• click the APPLY icon


• reboot to Ubuntu

If you were mounting sda6 and sda7 in Ubuntu, and edited /etc/fstab, you'll need to edit out the mount for sda6. Since sda6 no longer exists, the first boot may take a while as it looks for sda6 and times out. Worst case scenario is that Ubuntu may not boot at all, and we'll have to go into root access to edit /etc/fstab. I'll add that process later if I need to.

In the terminal application:

• type sudo blkid and note the UUID for the swap partition that we created earlier


• type gksudo gedit /etc/fstab


• edit out, or comment out, the mount for sda6


• add a mount for swap, it should look something like this:
  
  
  
  • UUID=071f8b0e-8e16-4f4d-90ff-a4ae9cc56e2b none swap sw 0 0
  
  
  • change the UUID to the one noted earlier
  
  


• save and quit gedit


• type swapon -a to enable swap


• type swapon and observe the first line of memory status, and the second line as swap status


• type df -h and observe the available free space in /home

• open the Power control panel


• click on change what the power buttons do


• click on change options that are unavailable


• uncheck fast start


• close the Power control panel


• open an administrative command prompt window


• type powercfg /h off (turns off hibernation)


• type chkdsk /f c: (change c: to the correct drive letter, if required)


• approve that chkdsk runs at next boot time


• reboot Windows

keyboard - How to reset administrative password without the use of a "p" key.

So I do not know my administrative password. I read up on how to reset it by clicking left shift after the BIOS page upon start up. going to the recovery option, then root, then doing mount -o rw, remount / but then I believe I must do passwrd to change the password, HOWEVER, my keyboard does not have a working "p" key.

Does any one know of an alternative way to reset the administrative password without the use of a 'p' key? If not, does anybody know of a clever way to utilize the letter 'p' in the command prompt without a working key?

Or perhaps anyone might know how to find out your password without having to change it at all? Thank you for your time.

12.04 - How to Install Ubuntu in my Windows laptop

I have downloaded the Ubuntu ISO file and I am new to the Linux and in learning phase.

How can I setup Ubuntu in my laptop?

software center - Does Ubuntu 18.04 allow snap packages to be reviewed / rated, and if so, where do I see that information?

For years, I've relied on the ratings and reviews in the Software Center to guide some of my application choices, when there are multiple applications that are available for a given need. Independent reviews from users can be useful to nudge me away from poorly working applications and towards ones that are superior. (I'm fully aware that some people may find those reviews and/or ratings not useful to them, but they are useful to me.)

I have found that I can neither view nor submit ratings or reviews for snap applications that are accessible in the Software Center of Ubuntu 18.04. I can find no answers to this on various snap web pages or in the Software Center itself as to why this is. Is it possible to publish ratings and reviews of these snap apps, and if so, where add my own ratings and reviews and view those submitted by other users?

How do I mount a hibernated partition with Windows 8 in Ubuntu?

I can't mount my other partition with Windows 8, I have Ubuntu 12.10 amd64:

Error mounting /dev/sda1 at /media/ricardo/003E8A7D3E8A6C0A: Command-line `mount -t "ntfs" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000,dmask=0077,fmask=0177" "/dev/sda1" "/media/ricardo/003E8A7D3E8A6C0A"' exited with non-zero exit status 14: Windows is hibernated, refused to mount.
Failed to mount '/dev/sda1': Operation not permitted
The NTFS partition is hibernated. Please resume and shutdown Windows
properly, or mount the volume read-only with the 'ro' mount option, or
mount the volume read-write with the 'remove_hiberfile' mount option.

For example type on the command line:
  mount -t ntfs-3g -o remove_hiberfile /dev/sda1 /media/ricardo/003E8A7D3E8A6C0A

How to add a shell script to launcher as shortcut

I want to add some shell scripts in my launcher as shortcuts..

They are located deep inside and i have to navigate to it every time to execute them...

I tried this link where the 2nd answers seems to solvee it but as said in comments neither can i find any option to add a launcher..

I guess it existed in 11.04 with a "+" button on launcher but i use 12.04.

So how do i get this working?? And i need those commands everytime for sure..!

1. Create *.desktop file, location depends on if it is for personal use or all users. If these directories do not exist, create them.

For personal use , ~/.local/share/applications

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/name.desktop

For all users, /usr/local/share/applications/ (or /usr/share/applications/ depending upon your system).

sudo -i gedit /usr/share/applications/name.desktop

2. Paste below text

   
   

   [Desktop Entry]
   Type=Application
   Terminal=true
   Name=unmount-mount
   Icon=/path/to/icon/icon.svg
   Exec=/path/to/file/mount-unmount.sh
   

   
   

   edit Icon= and Exec= and Name=

   
   

   Also Terminal=True/false determines whether the terminal opens a window and displays output or runs in the background




3. put this in unity panel by dragging it from files manager

logic is very simple that unity panel allows *.desktop files as launcher though I haven't tried it because I use Natty.

login - Tried to reset Admin PW, but Ubuntu isn't recognizing Admin account. How do I fix this?

I recently got a setup with Ubuntu v15.04, but I don't know the admin password. I have some background in IT, and know how to reset it. (BIOS, hold Shift, Adv. Ubuntu -> Memory -> Root, type passwd *root* where root is account name, enter and verify new password.)
However, when I enter passwd Aviator (account name), it says 'Aviator' is not a user. I need this computer, how do I get Ubuntu to recognize the account?
Thanks.
NOTE: The computer does not have WiFi or Ethernet. I CAN access the Guest account and use Terminal, but it has been no help. I'd really rather not have to hack my own computer...

EDIT: Found true username of admin, 'fltsim01'. Entered passwd fltsim01, was asked for New Unix Password, then to Verify, got the following:

passwd: Authentication token manipulation error
passwd: password unchanged
root@fltsim01-MS-7593:~#

(Note: root@fltsim01-MS-7593:~# is given at Terminal startup, and whenever ready for new command.)

Eyoung, do you want the whole thing? It's 24 two-word lines.

14.04 - Installing newer driver to current kernel

I have problems with my notebook's wifi (Intel Corporation Wireless 7265 (rev 59) on Ubuntu 14.04 (3.13.0-68-generic). Signal is shown often low (for no reason and same notebooks in Windows have much better performance) even though I am standing next to the router.

A friend of mine installed on his notebook (identical model brand etc...) Debian and it works perfectly. I asked him to send me modinfo iwlwifi output.

It seems to be, he has a newer driver and kernel version.

Then I used diff to compare to mine. Should I try to install the new module (driver) on my current kernel or try to use newer kernel, which is not provided yet by the Ubuntu repositories? I do not want to play around with the kernel without any advice from experienced users and mess up my system.

1c1

< filename:
/lib/modules/3.13.0-68-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/iwlwifi/iwlwifi.ko

---

> filename: /lib/modules/3.16.0-4-amd64/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/iwlwifi/iwlwifi.ko

3c3

< author: Copyright(c) 2003-2013 Intel Corporation

---

> author: Copyright(c) 2003- 2014 Intel Corporation

18,21c18,24

< firmware: iwlwifi-7265-7.ucode

< firmware: iwlwifi-3160-7.ucode

< firmware: iwlwifi-7260-7.ucode

< srcversion: A45BAACCAD263355629DB7A

---

> firmware: iwlwifi-7265-9.ucode

> firmware: iwlwifi-3160-9.ucode

> firmware: iwlwifi-7260-9.ucode

> firmware: iwlwifi-8000-8.ucode

> srcversion: 3E4DCD8265C8E43DCA7B0EA

> alias: pci:v00008086d000024F4svsd00000030bcsci

> alias: pci:v00008086d000024F3svsd00000010bcsci

300,303c303

< vermagic: 3.13.0-68-generic SMP mod_unload modversions

< signer: Magrathea: Glacier signing key

< sig_key: xxx

< sig_hashalgo: sha512

---

> vermagic: 3.16.0-4-amd64 SMP mod_unload modversions

309c309

< parm: wd_disable:Disable stuck queue watchdog timer
0=system default, 1=disable, 2=enable (default: 0) (int)

---

> parm: wd_disable:Disable stuck queue watchdog timer 0=system default, 1=disable (default: 1) (int)

310a311

> parm: uapsd_disable:disable U-APSD functionality (default: Y) (bool)

314a316

> parm: fw_monitor:firmware monitor - to debug FW (default: false - needs lots of memory) (bool)

It turns out to be it is highly unrecommended to upgrade kernel beyond what is provided by the Ubuntu repositories. And it is fairly simple to upgrade a single module with Backports. Backports are simply kernel modules provided by the Backports team of linux. Here you can find packages from various versions of the kernel and compile. Specifically, for the iwlwifi, here is a solution, which most likely also works for other modules. So far my wifi has been working without drops.

bug reporting - There's an issue with an Alpha/Beta Release of Ubuntu, what should I do?

I've been running Alpha releases of Ubuntu for some time now. I keep running into issues - how can I get these resolved? What should I do when I encounter these problems? And where can I find other Ubuntu+1 users to ask questions?

installation - How to install and use Ubuntu from a USB flash drive on Windows 8?

I'd like to fully install Ubuntu 12.10 onto a 16GB USB 3.0 flash drive, not create a LiveUSB, but to treat the flash drive as an external hard drive.

I've read it's possible and I know my computer can boot from it. However, it doesn't work when I try. I've booted a LiveUSB from another flash drive and installed Ubuntu onto the 16GB one. It finished successfully, but when I try to boot from it and it takes me straight to Windows 8 instead. I feel I've done something when installing the boot loader.

It'd be great if I had some step-by-step instructions for:

• how many partitions to make,


• what kind,


• how big, and


• where to install the boot loader.

unity greeter - 12.04 desktop login loop

I installed 12.04 from CD in a partition where 8.?? had been working. The installation appeared fine but Ubuntu booted to a black screen. After updating packages and fighting with nvidia drivers for a while I now have a login screen.

If I log in using my password the screen goes black for a few seconds and then returns to the login screen. If I choose the guest session I get a black screen with a mouse pointer.

Ctrl+Alt+F1 works and I can log in, but many of the suggestions in previous answers either have no effect on the problem or fail with messages like:

Client failed to connect to the D-BUS daemon

Invalid MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1

X11 initialization failed

Is there a known way to get from here to a working system? I'd like to avoid reinstalling because my Internet connection is slow, and the original installation seemed OK.

Ensure that any files/folders in your user's home directory have correct permissions...

sudo chown -R user:user /home/user

That fixed it for me...

OR

Remove the ~/.Xauthority -> https://askubuntu.com/a/289735/168033

apt sources.list disabled on upgrade to 12.04

After a do-release-upgrade, I'm now running ubuntu 12.04 LTS, as indicated below

> lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 12.04 LTS
Release:        12.04
Codename:       precise

However, I find that all the entries in my /etc/apt/sources.list were commented out except for one.

QUESTION: Is it safe for me to edit these, replacing the old 'lucid' with 'precise' in what is shown below?

## unixteam source list
# deb http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu/ precise main main/debian-installer restricted restricted/debian-installer # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu/ precise main restricted # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu/ precise universe # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu/ precise universe # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu/ precise multiverse # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu/ precise multiverse # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu lucid-security universe # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu lucid-security universe # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu lucid-security multiverse # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://debian.yorku.ca/ubuntu lucid-security multiverse # disabled on upgrade to precise
# R sources
# see http://cran.us.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu/ for details
# deb http://probability.ca/cran/bin/linux/ubuntu lucid/ # disabled on upgrade to precise
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main multiverse universe

Qt compatibility with GTK themes (Qbittorrent)?

How can I make my Qbittorrent look somewhat more like my GTK theme or
just normal without switching/changing my current theme?

As usual I tried something and this came out:

---

How it looks without changes:

How it looks when I save settings with "Qt settings 4" while having Qbittorrent open:

Looks much better |:3

The problem is when I close and open it again it looks like there the settings didn't save.
(It looked like the first image)

---

I have no idea if I'm misunderstanding some stuff here but this what I can make out of it.
Thanks for reading, any help kind of help would be quite nice.

dual boot - Can I install Windows after Ubuntu 14.04?

I'm thinking about if Windows can be installed after Ubuntu like a Dual Boot thing...

Please tell me if its possible.. without losing any Ubuntu files

Anyway I'm a new to Ubuntu

16.04 - .Deb File Troubleshooting

Lately, I've been having trouble installing .Deb files. Whenever I try to install a .Deb file, the orange line that shows the installation process moves a little bit to the right, then the line disappears, the button no longer says Installing and reverts back to the install button, and then nothing happens. Any way to stop this from happening so I can install my files?

Based on what you explain I am understanding that you are using Software Center to install your .deb files.

I suggest you to use the terminal, this way you can see what is causing the problem and probably fix it directly in the terminal.

The majority of the times a .deb install and find errors, the system reverts the changes in order to avoid incomplete/dependency unsatisfied packages to be installed.

Please open a terminal (CtrlAlt T in the majority of the cases) and enter the folder where the .deb resides. The place where you placed it when downloaded, via cd foldername.

Once you find your .deb, please run sudo dpkg -i file.deb (replace "file.deb" with the proper .deb filename and hit RETURN. After which you will be asked for your password.

Once you provide your password and hit RETURN the install process will start and show you what is happening and if an error occurs you will be presented with the error's reason.

You can then come back and edit your answer in order to include your terminal's output and receive further better support.

We must first try to see if the install process can continue by writing sudo apt-get -f install, press RETURN in the same terminal, provide your user password and hit RETURN.

This is going to attempt the fix of the unsatisfied dependencies and -if everything gets satisfied- the software is going to install.

If you receive further errors when running this last command, please add it in your question and we'll see where is the error and -probably- offer a solution for you.

Please let us know how you manage this issue and don't forget to include the details of the terminal's output and what you have done so far.

Good luck!

partitioning - Convert Hybrid GPT/MBR to pure GPT partition scheme

I was wondering how to safely convert a Hybrid GPT/MBR to a pure GPT partition scheme? (Without Reformatting)

The reason why I ask is, I currently triple-boot with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, Windows 10 and Mac OSX Lion.

Originally I needed to format my drive with a Hybrid partition scheme to install Windows 7 but I have since upgraded to Windows 10.

I know now that Windows 10 supports booting from GPT partitions and I would like to covert everything to a pure GPT partition scheme without reformatting.

If I can do this, I would be able to reformat my HFS+ partition to an APFS partition and install High Sierra.

So the questions are:

1. How do I convert my Hybrid MBR to a pure GPT?


2. Will it break booting into any of my OSes if I do? (Windows 10, Linux, MacOSX)

Here is my gdisk output:

GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.1

Partition table scan:
  MBR: hybrid
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: present


Found valid GPT with hybrid MBR; using GPT.

Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 3907029168 sectors, 1.8 TiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): CBC86EEB-C878-4C46-9963-120433EB0BED
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 3907029134
Partitions will be aligned on 8-sector boundaries
Total free space is 269477 sectors (131.6 MiB)


Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
   1              40          409639   200.0 MiB   EF02  EFI System Partition
   2          409640       293378391   139.7 GiB   AF00  Mac OSX
   3       293642240       684265471   186.3 GiB   0700  WINDOWS 7
   4       684265472      1075085311   186.4 GiB   0700  LINUX
   5      1075085865      1087375589   5.9 GiB     8200  
   6      1087375590      3907024064   1.3 TiB     0700  

ubuntu 12.04 admin password account disabled

i have ubuntu lts 12.04
i wanted to make a new administrator.....i created a new user..made it admin and made the earlier user standard....but accidentally the new admin user password says "account disabled"... now i can only log in with earlier user(standard) and not with admin......
i tried recovery mode
in the recovery mode it asks for "root password for maintenance"...which i don't know....

also if i try to solve using terminal in earlier user it says "user not in sudoers file.This incident will be reported"...........
how can i access the admin account or create a new one......help

drivers - GUI crashes after installing AMD Catalyst 14.9 on Ubunut 14.10

I have a fresh install of Ubuntu 14.10 using kernel 3.16.0-24-generic and X.Org X Server Version 1.16.0.
I tried to install the AMD Catalyst 14.9 driver for my ATI Radeon HD 5570. After it installed without any problems using dkms I rebooted the system and ended in a black screen. No LightDM Login screen or similiar. Switching to TTY works.

Maybe somebody knows how to solve it. I looked around on launchpad and google, but couldn't find anything appropriate.

dmesg Output after Boot

dmesglogfile.txt

Interesting is line 972 and line 973

Thanks for helping

14.04 - "Your system is running in low graphics mode" error

I'm quite new to ubuntu. I recently downloaded pycharm for python development. The fonts on the pycharm editor looked broken, so I was googling for a fix. I stumbled upon this stackoverflow thread and tried out the last answer-

1. REQUIRED Remove openjdk and install oracle jdk.


2. Download deb from http://ppa.launchpad.net/no1wantdthisname/ubuntu/pool/main/f/fontconfig-infinality/


3. Install it: sudo dpkg -i *.deb


4. Enable osx font smoothing: sudo /etc/fonts/infinality/infctl.sh setstyle


5. Reboot your system sudo reboot lightgdm

After executing sudo reboot lightgdm, my laptop rebooted and now "Your system is running in low graphics mode" error is being displayed instead of the log-in screen. I can't pinpoint to what went wrong here. Any help is appreciated.

The only way for me was this:

Ctrl+Alt+F1 and this command

sudo apt-get purge fontconfig-infinality

and a reboot.

partitioning - Installing Ubuntu on Oracle VM Virtual Box Manager:Partition

Installing Ubuntu on Oracle VM Virtual Box Manager. I haven't done any partitioning in Windows. During the Installation, I have a notification box saying this:

My Question is: What is the next step to be done to Install Linux ?
Should I continue or go back and make changes beforehand ?

sound - Nvidia HDMI audio - Device not shown

Nvidia HDMI audio is a widely asked topic, but I've not been able to find the answer for my case.

Card displayed by lspci

$ lspci
...
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF114 [GeForce GTX 560 Ti] (rev a1)
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GF114 HDMI Audio Controller (rev a1)

Device displayed by aplay

$ aplay -l
...
card 2: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 7: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 8: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 9: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

All outputs unmuted by alsamixer

But the card does not appear in the Sound controller from System settings.

I'm currently using "nvidia-325" driver, but I tried "nouveau" and several other versions

My HDMI output is detected to be /proc/asound/card2/eld#1.0

$ cat /proc/asound/card2/eld#1.0
monitor_present     1
eld_valid           1
monitor_name        DENON-AVAMP
connection_type     HDMI
...

speaker-test does not find the device

$ speaker-test -c 2 -r 48000 -D hw:2,3
speaker-test 1.0.25
Playback device is hw:2,7
Stream parameters are 48000Hz, S16_LE, 2 channels
Using 16 octaves of pink noise
Playback open error: -19,No such device

Can someone help me with my problem ? Or at least tell me why doesn't my device appear on sound settings ?

how to download setup of any software for ubuntu 13.10 on window xp

I am very new to Ubuntu and I am just a beginner.

I have an Ubuntu computer (13.10), without an internet connection.

On another computer (XP) I do have an internet connection, and I would like to know how I can download software for the Ubuntu computer and prepare it on a pendrive, so I can install it on the Ubuntu computer.

Please tell step by step how can do that.

Thanks

Unencrypted /boot partition can be infected from windows on dual-boot system?

I have dual-boot with windows 7 and ubuntu.

• /dev/sda1 ext4 (/boot)




• /dev/sda2 ntfs (windows partition)




• /dev/sda5 ext4 (root encrypted)

I don't have any concern of adversaries gaining physical access to my laptop and installing keylogger on unencrypted /boot partition.

But my concern is that if my windows 7 is compromised by adversary could they(Without Physical access):

1. Enable windows to recognise ext4 boot partition and install keylogger there to record paraphrase on next ubuntu boot.


2. Read paraphrase collected by keylogger on next windows boot.


3. use that paraphrase to unlock linux root partition from windows, and replace original kernel.

Or am I being paranoid?

I m linux newbie, and very concerned about privacy. Please help.

Yes, in theory an attacker can install a modified kernel with a keylogger to your /boot partition.

If you are worried about this you might want to run Windows in a virtual machine rather than dual boot.

How to enable Mobile(GSM) network on Ubuntu touch nexus 4

Have installed Ubuntu touch on my Nexus 4 today. but, there is no mobile network and not sure the GSM radio got enabled or not. Could you help me to enable the GSM radio to use it as phone.

Thanks for your help in advance.

software installation - How can I install programs from Tarballs?

I was trying to install get several programs. I realized that a lot of the installations came in the form of tar and deb files. I have no idea how to install tar files so I searched and found that you can covert them into deb files and install them using the Ubuntu Software Center.

So I did that, but when the deb file finished installing I looked for the program in the dash and could not find it. When I looked at the install section in the Ubuntu Software Center it was not there either. I just want to see if anyone can give me steps on how to install both deb and tar files since I’m new to Ubuntu and only used to the install processes in Windows. I really like this OS and would like to learn.

---

By the way, would some programming knowledge be needed to use this OS to its full potential? If so, what can I do to learn?

system installation - Install custom Ubuntu iso from network card

I have a few customized Ubuntu ISOs (based in Ubuntu 12.04) that I need to install in a SBC embedded in an enclosure. Until now, I have to open the enclosure, connect a screen, keyboard and a USB installer every time the ISO needs updated. The user needs to manually introduce data during the installation.

I was hoping to use the network card to install the ISO.

I've read the Ubuntu installation guide. In my situation, without a keyboard or screen, I think the installation over ssh is the only available solution. However, it's a very manual process and I would have to redo lots of configuration and packing done to create the ISOs.

Is there a way to run a PXE server and run the installation from it like I was using ssh -X to forward the screen?

Any pointers to a solution are welcome, including the use of additional hardware.

I had partial success with FOG. I can clone and restore the system using the network card only. I can also add an ISO image as part of the boot menu. I couldn't get the right settings to automatically boot from it, accept my custom preseed file and then use a kickstart file for the rest of the questions that my preseed is still going to ask.

Edit: A similar question was asked here. The main difference is that I don't have access to serial or USB ports, therefore the currently accepted answer is not valid for me. I do have a working installation from the first deployment and an ssh installation is possible in my system. I was hoping for something automated to avoid mistakes. Using my existing ISO files and ideally, something that someone with no experience in Linux could do.

nvidia - "the system is running in low graphics mode" I get this message when I boot my ubuntu

I had got into a serious problem while solving my the system is running in low graphics mode using this link.

This guy and I have almost same Nvidia card. Mine is just bit more newer, so when I was on step #13 I completed it and rebooted my computer and my screen resolution got shrinked while my problem has not solved instead I have lost my unity and all can see is a blank screen with only my destop icon and shrunken screen in center. I get unity back when I remove the nvidia-current package

My actual problem was that when I boot Ubuntu I get a screen saying:

The system is running in low graphics mode. Your screen, graphics card and input device settings could not be detected correctly. You will need to configure these yourself.

and I was able to login after few tries.

You can solve this problem by following the instructions here:
https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers/+question/218729

shared library - Install unetbootin on Ubuntu 12.04

I'm trying to install UNetbootin on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I downloaded the executable file from this link and followed the instructions below:

If using Linux, make the file executable (using either the command
chmod +x ./unetbootin-linux, or going to Properties->Permissions and

checking "Execute"), then start the application, you will be prompted
for your password to grant the application administrative rights, then
the main dialog will appear, where you select a distribution and
install target (USB Drive or Hard Disk), then reboot when prompted.\

So I typed on my terminal sudo chmod +x unetbootin-linux-584 and tried to execute the binary file with ./unetbootin-linux-584 but got this output:

./unetbootin-linux-584: error while loading shared libraries:

libXrandr.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or
directory

However when I checked for libraries libXrandr on my system I actually found them

$> locate libXrandr
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXrandr.so.2
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXrandr.so.2.2.0
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXrandr_ltsq.so.2

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXrandr_ltsq.so.2.2.0

so I really don't have a clue of what's the problem and how can I fix it, any ideas?

My guess is you are trying to run a 32 bit application on a 64 bit host.

unetbootin is in the repos

http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=unetbootin

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install unetbootin

See also https://help.ubuntu.com/community/InstallingSoftware

16.04 - Upgrade docker-compose permission denied

I am trying to upgrade docker-compose since with the current version I get some error when running a .yml file. Here my current situation:

$ which docker
/usr/bin/docker
$ which docker compose

/usr/bin/docker-compose

$ ls -al | grep docker
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root   root    13511128 Feb 28 09:02 docker
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root   root         336 Dez 11  2015 docker-compose
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root   root    11314960 Feb 28 09:01 docker-containerd
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root   root    10464424 Feb 28 09:01 docker-containerd-ctr
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root   root     1976648 Feb 28 09:01 docker-containerd-shim
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root   root    39473368 Feb 28 09:03 dockerd
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root   root      862296 Feb 28 09:01 docker-init

-rwxr-xr-x  1 root   root     2573840 Feb 28 09:01 docker-proxy
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root   root     8195464 Feb 28 09:01 docker-runc

When tryint to update docker-compose from https://github.com/docker/compose/releases. The output of the command:

sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.11.2/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/bin/docker-compose

gives me:

bash: /usr/bin/docker-compose: Permission denied

I am also sudoing the command. Why is that? thanks

system installation - How to install Ubuntu off a USB?

I've tried using Startup Disk Creator, but that at first created me an invalid USB that could not boot, and later on was failing to notice the USB entirely.

I tried using unetbootin, but that did not seem to work either, as the normal OS was selected after I've selected BIOS to boot from the USB specifically.

How to install Ubuntu off a USB?

How to automatically specify the Filename Encryption Key with ecryptfs?

When mounting a ecryptfs encrypted folder, I have the question,

Filename Encryption Key (FNEK) Signature [d3f92227db598fd6]:

I want to automatically answer to this question, and it is done with the option ecryptfs_sig=(fekek_sig) (see man ecryptfs)

However, I don't but I don't know what should be the argument.

What is the argument that should be given to ecryptfs_sig to automatically chose the FNEK?

My guess is that I should add a key with ecryptfs-add-passphrase.

---

PS:

From man ecryptfs:

   ecryptfs_sig=(fekek_sig)

                 Specify the signature of the mount wide authentication token. The authentication token must be in the kernel keyring before the mount is performed. ecryptfs-
                               manager or the eCryptfs mount helper can be used to construct the authentication token and add it to the keyring prior to mounting.

The automated expression I already have:

mount -t ecryptfs,key=passphrase,ecryptfs_cipher=aes,ecryptfs_key_bytes=32,ecryptfs_passthrough,ecryptfs_enable_filename_crypto=y,no_sig_cache $FOLDER $FOLDER 

Your guess is rigtht; you must run ecryptfs-add-passphrase --fnek; the option for mount is ecryptfs_fnek_sig=. See the answer to the question How do I mount an eCryptFS encrypted partition on login under the heading "This script does work".

14.04 - Nvidia graphics card is not being detected in Ubuntu 16.04

I updated my Ububtu 14.04 LTS to 16.04 LTS. I have HP Pavilion 15ab 030tx. My nvidia graphics card is not being detected. Instead X.org was installed and is being used. What to do?

drivers - X won't start with Intel on-board graphics + nVIDIA card

I run Kubuntu 16.04 (just installed it from the ISO). My computer has on-chip Intel graphics, which is what I use for the display. I also have a GTX 650 Ti Boost card which I DO NOT WANT TO USE for display (just for CUDA work).

• When nVIDIA driver 361.62 or 367.35 (the latest) is installed, Xorg loads to a black screen (but when I run binaries which use CUDA run fine).


• When the nVIDIA driver is not installed, Xorg loads fine; it loads the nouveau modules (even though supposedly I don't need them) - but CUDA apps don't run.

The Xorg error with the nVIDIA driver installed is:

(EE) NOUVEAU(G0): [XvMC] Failed to initialize extension.
...
(EE) Failed to initialize GLX extension (Compatible NVIDIA X driver not found)

If I uninstall the nVIDIA driver, X works properly again (will quote some log messages here soon).

How can I get both X working and CUDA installed (i.e. drivers installed and functioning)?

Due disclosure: I had asked about the same question regarding Debian Stretch on unix.SX, but deleted it since I just switched to Kubuntu.

---

Update:

So I uninstalled Nouveau completely to explore this further. When I generate an xorg.conf, I get (clipped input-device-related and files lines and sections):

Section "ServerLayout"

       Identifier     "X.org Configured"
       Screen      0  "Screen0" 0 0
       Screen      1  "Screen1" RightOf "Screen0"
EndSection

Section "Module"
       Load  "glx"
EndSection

section "Monitor"

        Identifier   "Monitor0"
        VendorName   "Monitor Vendor"
        ModelName    "Monitor Model"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
       Identifier   "Monitor1"
       VendorName   "Monitor Vendor"
       ModelName    "Monitor Model"
EndSection


Section "Device"
        Identifier  "Card0"
        Driver      "fbdev"
        BusID       "PCI:0:2:0"
EndSection

Section "Device"
       Identifier  "Card1"
       Driver      "fbdev"

       BusID       "PCI:2:0:0"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
        Identifier "Screen0"
        Device     "Card0"
        Monitor    "Monitor0"
        SubSection "Display"
                Viewport   0 0
                Depth     24

        EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Screen"
       Identifier "Screen1"
       Device     "Card1"
       Monitor    "Monitor1"
       SubSection "Display"
               Viewport   0 0
               Depth     24

       EndSubSection
EndSection

(note that PCI 2:0:0 is the nVIDIA card and 0:2:0 is the on-chip graphics.)

Now,

• If I use this configuration with the nVDIAI drivers - blank screen.



• If I comment-out the sections regarding the nVIDIA card (card 1, monitor 1) and change the ServerLayout section - blank screen.


• If I disable the loading of the GLX module(s), which produce errors in the log - blank screen (and it's not clear the module loading is the issue)


• I even went into the /usr/lib/xorg/modules, removing nvidia's libglx.so and/or restoring the non-nvidia libglx.so - still, blank screen.

I do get differet error messages though. With the most extensive subset of the above, I have:

[  1952.022] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Wed Aug 10 10:07:20 2016
[  1952.022] (==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf"
[  1952.022] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"

[  1952.022] (==) ServerLayout "X.org Configured"
[  1952.022] (**) |-->Screen "Screen0" (0)
[  1952.022] (**) |   |-->Monitor "Monitor0"
[  1952.022] (**) |   |-->Device "Card0"
[  1952.022] (**) |-->Input Device "Mouse0"
[  1952.022] (**) |-->Input Device "Keyboard0"
[  1952.022] (==) Automatically adding devices
[  1952.022] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[  1952.022] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
...

  1952.024] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card1)
[  1952.024] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
[  1952.026] (--) PCI:*(0:0:2:0) 8086:0162:1565:110f rev 9, Mem @ 0xf7400000/4194304, 0xd0000000/268435456, I/O @ 0x0000f000/64
[  1952.026] (--) PCI: (0:2:0:0) 10de:11c2:19da:1281 rev 161, Mem @ 0xf6000000/16777216, 0xe0000000/134217728, 0xe8000000/33554432, I/O @ 0x0000e000/128, BIOS @ 0x????????/524288
[  1952.026] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[  1952.026] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions-nvidia-leave-me-alone/libglx.so
[  1952.026] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[  1952.026]    compiled for 1.18.3, module version = 1.0.0
[  1952.026]    ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 9.0
[  1952.026] (==) AIGLX enabled

[  1952.026] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
[  1952.027] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so
[  1952.027] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[  1952.027]    compiled for 1.18.1, module version = 0.4.4
[  1952.027]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[  1952.027]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 20.0
[  1952.027] (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
[  1952.033] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[  1952.033] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[  1952.033] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so

[  1952.033] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[  1952.033]    compiled for 1.18.3, module version = 0.0.2
[  1952.033]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 20.0
[  1952.033] (**) FBDEV(0): claimed PCI slot 0@0:2:0
[  1952.033] (II) FBDEV(0): using default device
[  1952.033] (==) FBDEV(0): Depth 24, (==) framebuffer bpp 32
[  1952.033] (==) FBDEV(0): RGB weight 888
[  1952.033] (==) FBDEV(0): Default visual is TrueColor
[  1952.033] (==) FBDEV(0): Using gamma correction (1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
[  1952.033] (II) FBDEV(0): hardware: inteldrmfb (video memory: 8100kB)

[  1952.033] (II) FBDEV(0): checking modes against framebuffer device...
[  1952.033] (II) FBDEV(0): checking modes against monitor...
[  1952.033] (--) FBDEV(0): Virtual size is 1920x1080 (pitch 1920)
[  1952.033] (**) FBDEV(0):  Built-in mode "current"
[  1952.033] (==) FBDEV(0): DPI set to (96, 96)
[  1952.033] (II) Loading sub module "fb"
[  1952.033] (II) LoadModule: "fb"
[  1952.033] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfb.so
[  1952.034] (II) Module fb: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[  1952.034]    compiled for 1.18.3, module version = 1.0.0

[  1952.034]    ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4
[  1952.034] (**) FBDEV(0): using shadow framebuffer
[  1952.034] (II) Loading sub module "shadow"
[  1952.034] (II) LoadModule: "shadow"
[  1952.034] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libshadow.so
[  1952.034] (II) Module shadow: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[  1952.034]    compiled for 1.18.3, module version = 1.1.0
[  1952.034]    ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4
[  1952.034] (==) Depth 24 pixmap format is 32 bpp
[  1952.079] (==) FBDEV(0): Backing store enabled

[  1952.080] (EE) FBDEV(0): FBIOPUTCMAP: Invalid argument
... repeated many times
[  1952.082] (==) FBDEV(0): DPMS enabled
[  1952.082] (==) RandR enabled
[  1952.087] (II) SELinux: Disabled on system
[  1952.087] (II) AIGLX: Screen 0 is not DRI2 capable
[  1952.087] (EE) AIGLX: reverting to software rendering
[  1952.101] (EE) AIGLX error: dlopen of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/swrast_dri.so failed (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/swrast_dri.so: undefined symbol: _glapi_tls_Dispatch)
[  1952.101] (EE) GLX: could not load software renderer
[  1952.101] (II) GLX: no usable GL providers found for screen 0

...
[  2201.199] (II) config/udev: removing GPU device /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.1/0000:02:00.0/drm/card1 /dev/dri/card1
[  2201.199] xf86: remove device 0 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.1/0000:02:00.0/drm/card1

• I also tried forcing the use of the "intel" driver. This works when the nVIDIA drivers are not installed, but it's the same old blank screen when they are.

Interestingly enough, this problem is not solvable since it's not really the problem: In fact, X is not blank-screening; it is the X display manager Kubuntu defaults to - sddm.

If you replace sddm with, say, lxdm, you'll see the login screen (at least - using the intel driver and the edited xorg.conf; probably even without it), and you'll be able to login.

This is not the end of your troubles, though. If you start a KDE session, Plasma will crash unceremoniously. The session will still "work" in the sense that restored apps will come up and function properly, and Alt+F2 for launching will work too.

If, however, you install another desktop environment (e.g. LXDE) and start that - it should work.

Annoying.

system installation - Can't Install Ubuntu

Like the title says I have been at this all day. I have partitioned my disk to no avail. When I boot to Ubuntu I get two options (remove partitions on hard drive or something else) I only get the third option, install along side Windows, when I have my 16 gb usb inserted.
I have a usb bootable on a 8gb and a dvd. When I elect "something else" I get options like

dev\sda

dev\sda1 1 mb

...sda2 250 gb

...sda3 219 gb

...sda4 32 gb

I partitioned only 20 gb!!! Why is it not displayed by Ubuntu?

Then I bow down and use wubi to NO avail. I have choosen all three options and each one has resulted in an error.

I have no idea what to do...any ideas?

I am running windows 7 premium and now have my hdd partitioned 4 ways. It didn't work with three either btw.

dual boot - partitions showing different sizes on gparted and MS Disk Management

I'm trying to install Ubuntu 14.04 LTS on an HPG60 Laptop.
I'm having a difficulty to install this coz I cant see the unallocated space I prepared in Windows.

As you can see on the attached screenshot:

I've prepared an unallocated space 96.72GB using Disk Management.
But when I boot up ubuntu and check Gparted,
I'm seeing this instead

An unallocated space of 1MB?!

Never encountered this before. I've installed ubuntu on a lenovo laptop that I use on office but I never like this before.
Anybody have any idea why this is happening?

Simple Answer:

What is Happening?

• 152.53 + 96.72 = 249.25 (Gparted is not recognising difference b/w Unallocated and other partitions)

Why is it happening?

• Dynamic Disc - Not supported

What to do?

• Convert to Basic (data will be lost!)

---

Detailed Answer:

It is easy to make out from your screen-shot that you are using Dynamic Type disk :

Ubuntu (I would say all Linux OS) and bootloader GRUB cannot recognize a Microsoft dynamic disk/volume/partition (SFS), and so they cannot boot from it.

You might need this information:

Basic Disk uses a partition table to manage all partitions on the disk, and it is supported by all Linux OS, DOS and all Windows versions. A disk with installed OS would be default initialized to a basic one. A basic disk contains basic volumes, such as primary partitions, extended partition, and all logical partitions are contained in extended partition.

Dynamic Disk is supported in Windows 2000 and later operating system (only). Dynamic disks do not use a partition table to track all partitions, but use a hidden database (LDM) to track information about dynamic volumes or dynamic partitions on the disk (which Gparted is not understanding). With dynamic disks you can create volumes that span multiple disks such as spanned and striped volumes, and can also create fault-tolerant volumes such as mirrored volumes and RAID 5 volumes.

This is the reason why Gparted is acting weirdly

What to do?

You need to convert your Dynamic Disk to Basic Disk.

First of all, BACK UP ALL YOUR DATA!

You can use any good tool for conversion. I will tell you with DISKPART

1. Boot into any Windows installation media and go to "Repair my computer"


2. In Advanced Options, go to Command Prompt



3. Enter the following commands one by one

   
   

   diskpart

   
   

   list disk

   
   

   select disk 0 #(The number may be different in your system)

   
   

   clean #(Erases Everything (including windows))

   
   

   convert basic

   
   

   exit

Now you can easily install Both Windows and Ubuntu.

ELSE : If you don't want to completely clean your hard disk, You might consider to install Ubuntu on Virtualbox

drivers - Ubuntu 16.04 doesn't seem to see my gtx 1060 gpu

Hi :) I've recently bought a new PC with Palit GeForce GTX 1060 6GB Dual video card. Unfortunately, it seems like Ubuntu has some problems with it. When I type "sudo lshw -C display", I get this message:

 *-display UNCLAIMED
   description: VGA compatible controller
   product: NVIDIA Corporation
   vendor: NVIDIA Corporation
   physical id: 0
   bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
   version: a1
   width: 64 bits
   clock: 33MHz
   capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller cap_list
   configuration: latency=0
   resources: memory:f6000000-f6ffffff memory:e0000000-efffffff memory:f0000000-f1ffffff ioport:e000(size=128) memory:f7000000-f707ffff
  *-display
   description: VGA compatible controller
   product: Sky Lake Integrated Graphics
   vendor: Intel Corporation
   physical id: 2
   bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
   version: 06
   width: 64 bits
   clock: 33MHz
   capabilities: pciexpress msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
   configuration: driver=i915_bpo latency=0
   resources: irq:124 memory:f5000000-f5ffffff memory:d0000000-dfffffff ioport:f000(size=64)

and when I go to "Additional drivers", I get this:
Unknown: Unknown. The device is using an alternative driver.

mount - How to recover USB flash drive functionality after having used dd?

I have been installing Linux on my laptop via a bootable USB flash drive and I was having difficulty, so I ran the following command:

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb

Was this a huge mistake? Did I wipe out some of the software that allows the USB drive to properly function?

Now my computer no longer recognizes my device (which was previously in /media/USERNAME), although it makes a sound when I plug it in. I tried to mount it via How to access a USB flash drive from the terminal?. The following output shows up when I use sudo fdisk -l :

Disk /dev/sdb: 14.7 GiB, 15728640000 bytes, 30720000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x003e98d7

Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1  *       32 30719999 30719968 14.7G  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)

When I try to mount it I get the following results:

mkdir /media/usb
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/usb

mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb,
   missing codepage or helper program, or other error

       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try

       dmesg | tail or so.

I found this question, but this and its references don't answer my question.

Error partitioning hard drive during installation of Ubuntu12.04.3 LTS

I've recieved a couple of errors while trying to install 12.04.3 LTS (64 bit) on my Lenovo Thinkpad T510 i5 laptop.

The first error was, ERROR!!! Input/output error during write on /dev/sda I've encountered this a few times so I've tried both of either clicking ignore and clicking Retry. If I click ignore then I eventually get to the second error described below.

Second error:

 The creation of swap space in partition #5 of scsl1(0,0,0)(sda) failed

Once this error is recieved I am recieve no further instructions from the installer, as if I never tried to install to begin with. And then on future attempts to boot from USB thumbdrive I have to manually (thinkpad button + F12) tell the machine to boot from USB or a blinking white line will just stare at from the corner until I forcibly power down.

But back to the original issue; it probably is important to note that I recently removed a Toshiba hard disk from an Imitation external hard drive and installed it in the Thinkpad. The external hard drive was working fine before so I'm inclined to think the hard drive in the Lenovo should still be functioning.

I tried to use the Ubuntu supported SMART technology but I'm not sure if this Toshiba hard disk supports it. If it's important I can post the model #; all I remember is that it operates at 5400 rpm and can hold around 320GB.

I'm thinking about using the Thinkpad's hard drive test utility but wanted to see if I could get any info from this Ubuntu forum in parallel.

This is my first attempt at using/installing Ubuntu so please take that in consideration when responding with recommendations. I'm a quick learner though so also don't feel like you have to leave out in detail.

Thanks in advance to any insights anyone has to offer.

anyone know how to reset source.list?

is there anyway to reset my source.list ? i try to follow the trick for this forum http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1219528 but not helping .. what i want is ,, to reinstall the ubuntu 1204 source list. without reinstalling the ubuntu via live cd . and make my os like fresh installing .. anyone can help me ?

thanks

santos@santos:~$ sudo su [sudo] password for santos:
root@santos:/home/santos# grep -r ppa /etc/apt
/etc/apt/auth.conf:machine
private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/fullcircle-issue-59/ubuntu /etc/apt/auth.conf:machine
private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/tiberiumalliances/ubuntu
/etc/apt/auth.conf:machine
private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/lordofultima/ubuntu
/etc/apt/auth.conf:machine
private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/intellij-idea-ce/ubuntu
/etc/apt/auth.conf:machine
private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/plexmediaserver/ubuntu
/etc/apt/auth.conf:machine
private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/tiberiumalliances/ubuntu
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/private-ppa.launchpad.net_commercial-ppa-uploaders_fullcircle-issue-59_ubuntu.list.save:deb
https://private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/fullcircle-issue-59/ubuntu precise main #Added by software-center; credentials stored in
/etc/apt/auth.conf
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/skype-wrapper-ppa-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/skype-wrapper/ppa/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/agmenor-discvur-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/agmenor/discvur/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/hakermania-format-junkie-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/hakermania/format-junkie/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/achadwick-mypaint-testing-precise.list.save:deb
http://ppa.launchpad.net/achadwick/mypaint-testing/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/achadwick-mypaint-testing-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/achadwick/mypaint-testing/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/fioan89-slidewall-precise.list.save:deb
http://ppa.launchpad.net/fioan89/slidewall/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx-stable-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/nginx/stable/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/private-ppa.launchpad.net_commercial-ppa-uploaders_plexmediaserver_ubuntu.list.save:deb
https://private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/plexmediaserver/ubuntu
precise main #Added by software-center; credentials stored in
/etc/apt/auth.conf
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/private-ppa.launchpad.net_commercial-ppa-uploaders_tiberiumalliances_ubuntu.list.save:deb
https://private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/tiberiumalliances/ubuntu
precise main #Added by software-center; credentials stored in
/etc/apt/auth.conf
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/folke-schwinning-personal-precise.list.save:deb
http://ppa.launchpad.net/folke-schwinning/personal/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/brianrobles204-xkcd-browser-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/brianrobles204/xkcd-browser/ubuntu precise
main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/noneed4anick-cuttlefish-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/noneed4anick/cuttlefish/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/private-ppa.launchpad.net_commercial-ppa-uploaders_plexmediaserver_ubuntu.list:deb
https://private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/plexmediaserver/ubuntu
precise main #Added by software-center; credentials stored in
/etc/apt/auth.conf
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-mozilla-daily-firefox-aurora-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-mozilla-daily/firefox-aurora/ubuntu
precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/webapps-preview-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/webapps/preview/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/private-ppa.launchpad.net_commercial-ppa-uploaders_tiberiumalliances_ubuntu.list:deb
https://private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/tiberiumalliances/ubuntu
precise main #Added by software-center; credentials stored in
/etc/apt/auth.conf
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/myunity-ppa-precise.list.save:deb
http://ppa.launchpad.net/myunity/ppa/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/luciomrx-switzallnew-precise.list.save:deb
http://ppa.launchpad.net/luciomrx/switzallnew/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/webupd8team-y-ppa-manager-precise.list.save:deb
http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/y-ppa-manager/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/private-ppa.launchpad.net_commercial-ppa-uploaders_intellij-idea-ce_ubuntu.list.save:deb
https://private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/intellij-idea-ce/ubuntu
precise main #Added by software-center; credentials stored in
/etc/apt/auth.conf
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/george-edison55-nitroshare-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/george-edison55/nitroshare/ubuntu precise
main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/private-ppa.launchpad.net_commercial-ppa-uploaders_lordofultima_ubuntu.list.save:deb
https://private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/lordofultima/ubuntu
precise main #Added by software-center; credentials stored in
/etc/apt/auth.conf
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/achadwick-mypaint-testing-precise.list:deb
http://ppa.launchpad.net/achadwick/mypaint-testing/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/achadwick-mypaint-testing-precise.list:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/achadwick/mypaint-testing/ubuntu precise main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/atareao-atareao-precise.list.save:deb-src
http://ppa.launchpad.net/atareao/atareao/ubuntu precise main
root@santos:/home/santos#