I'm really new to Ubuntu, Please excuse me if my question sounds stupid (also my bad English).
To save disk space, I had formatted my windows installation, and somehow I was able to install Ubuntu once again when the first installed copy of Ubuntu along with the windows start to failed.
My system has 2 hard disks:
1 of 500 GB which is encrypted, other one of 160 GB.
I partitioned and installed Ubuntu on 160GB HDD, then I was mounting the remaining 116GB of that drive and 500 GB on /media.
When I noticed my system runs without swap memory I tried editing fstab, still it doesn't mount swap partition.
My problem is, my system get hanged frequently, mostly when I browse using firefox/chromium. The system hangs so badly that I'm not able to get terminal by alt+f2, the only thing work there is Alt+PrtScrn+ REISUB.
I tried using mountall.
mountall: Unable to listen for privateconnections: Failed to bind socket "/com/ubuntu/mountall/server/": Address already in use
mountall: Disconnected from Upstart
Both nginx and Apache are running on my system, I have only 2GB of RAM.
I don't know where to start to bring my system to working condition.
( I'm stopping my experiments with Ubuntu, whew!!! )
Please advise me, buying an additional RAM or HDD will work here, I'm totally confused and upset that I'm not able to continue my works on this machine.
Update (1):
My system has swap memory:
sudo fdisk -l
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 63 957249089 478624513+ 83 Linux
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 86085632 312580095 113247232 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 61450238 86085631 12317697 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sdb5 78024704 81930239 1952768 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sdb6 61450240 78010367 8280064 83 Linux
/dev/sdb7 81932288 86085631 2076672 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Update (2):
sudo blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="9609fc4c-ece8-4c9b-985e-c1271866aa4c" TYPE="crypto_LUKS"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="Ubuntu116GB-OS2" UUID="674b44fc-f619-4ca8-9d07-80a3d43d1b10" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb6: LABEL="Ubuntu8.5GB-OS1" UUID="bcd535b5-eef9-4d70-be33-07153802b2ba" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/cryptswap1: UUID="121099fc-9fa2-4051-9253-b2938c2e7468" TYPE="swap"
sudo lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT,LABEL
NAME FSTYPE SIZE MOUNTPOINT LABEL
sda 465.8G
└─sda1 crypto_LUKS 456.5G
sdb 149.1G
├─sdb1 ext4 108G / Ubuntu116GB-OS2
├─sdb2 1K
├─sdb5 1.9G
├─sdb6 ext4 7.9G Ubuntu8.5GB-OS1
└─sdb7 2G
└─cryptswap1 (dm-0) swap 2G [SWAP]
cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
#
proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0
# / was on /dev/sdb1 during installation
UUID=674b44fc-f619-4ca8-9d07-80a3d43d1b10 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sdb7 during installation
#UUID=a36435c9-e579-470a-92fc-e477afd501bc none swap sw 0 0
#/dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0
UUID=8e474f34-7b1d-49aa-81f1-607192912785 none swap sw 0 0
However, I can manually load swap by:
sudo swapon /dev/mapper/cryptswap1
My system has two Ubuntu installations, I'm running every command now from OS2 which is on 116GB ext4 (Please see image), I would like to delete the OS1 on 8.5GB ext4 and make use of the two swap partition as a single one of 4GB
Not enough memory or swap space
With only 2 GiB of main memory and without swap space you're likely to run into problems. I suggest you create and mount a swap partition for that. You can easily set up an encrypted swap partition with dm-crypt, which will break resuming from suspend-to-disk because of the random one-time volume keys.
To delete "OS1" simply delete that partition with palimpsest
, gparted
, fdisk
or whatever disk partitioning tool you prefer. Do the same for the existing swap partitions to create the larger new one. You can also swapon
multiple partitions (works with fstab
too).
Other possible causes
This could also be broken hardware or a bad driver. Since the issue correlates with web browsing I suspect a RAM module gone bad or a faulty graphics adapter driver, but you should sort out the swap issue first since that seems more problematic.
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