18.04 - Live build: chroot: failed to run command ‘/usr/bin/env’: No such file or directory

I have a problem with live build:

[2018-05-19 02:04:43] lb_build

[2018-05-19 02:04:44] lb_bootstrap
P: Setting up cleanup function
[2018-05-19 02:04:44] lb_bootstrap_cache restore
P: Restoring bootstrap stage from cache...P: Restoring bootstrap stage from 
cache...
[2018-05-19 02:04:44] lb_bootstrap_copy
[2018-05-19 02:04:44] lb_bootstrap_cdebootstrap
[2018-05-19 02:04:44] lb_bootstrap_debootstrap
P: Begin bootstrapping system...
[2018-05-19 02:04:44] lb_testroot

P: If the following stage fails, the most likely cause of the problem is 
with your mirror configuration or a caching proxy.
P: Running debootstrap (download-only)...
I: Retrieving InRelease
I: Retrieving Release
I: Checking Release signature
E: Release signed by unknown key (key id 40976EAF437D05B5)
P: Begin unmounting filesystems...
P: Saving caches...

and...

chroot: failed to run command ‘/usr/bin/env’: No such file or directory

What should I do?

Were you able to find a solution? (I realize this is an old question.)
The problem appears to be due to you not having installed / added the GPG public key needed to verify package signatures.

(the root cause of the problem is E: Release signed by unknown key (key id 40976EAF437D05B5) -- chroot: failed to run command ‘/usr/bin/env’: No such file or directory is not a problem itself but rather is caused by the previous one)

How to fix GPG in updater

command line - How to install Mattermost desktop application

When I tried to install Mattermost desktop app in Ubuntu,
I've downloaded and extracted .tar.gz file.

I didn't find any file named configure inside that.

How to install the app?

Unable to Boot to Either System After Dual Boot Install

I just performed a clean dual boot install on an HP laptop that came with Windows 8. The install said it had completed successfully, but when I restart the machine, or power down and power back up, it boots straight into Windows 8 rather than giving me the boot options. I feel like I missed something obvious here. I did check the side by side install, the drive was partitioned during install, and, as I said, the install finished properly. I've probably done a dozen of these dual boot installs and I've never run into this issue before. Any insight would be appreciated.

* UPDATE *

Something went tragically wrong with EASYBCD and I am now no longer able to boot into either Windows or Linux. Windows no longer appears as an option at boot, and Linux still comes up as OS Not Usuable. In short, the only thing I can boot to is the Linux Live USB that I used for the install. I tried boot-repair, and while it said it was successful it changed absolutely nothing. The URL for the boot-repair report is

http://paste.ubuntu.com/11047074

One further edit which may clarify some things. Running boot-repair from the live usb only loads the linux partition. In short, it doesn't even see the Windows partition and, as a result, no MBR options are available. It is only trying to fix grub, when the issue at least right now is getting Windows to boot.

12.04 - Hardware Enablement Stack (HWE) out of support

From yesterday my update manager gives me this message:

Your current Hardware Enablement Stack (HWE) is going out of support
on 07/08/2014. After this date security updates for critical parts (kernel
and graphics stack) of your system will no longer be available.

For more information, please see: http://wiki.ubuntu.com/1204_HWE_EOL

But when I try to upgrade the HWE with the command suggested by hwe-support-status --verbose that is

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-trusty libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-trusty xserver-xorg-lts-trusty linux-image-generic-lts-trusty

I get dependency errors:

Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.

The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-trusty : Depends: libglapi-mesa-lts-trusty (= 10.1.3-0ubuntu0.1~precise1) but it is not going to be installed
 xserver-xorg-lts-trusty : Recommends: xserver-xorg-input-all-lts-trusty but it is not going to be installed
                           Recommends: xserver-xorg-video-all-lts-trusty but it is not going to be installed
                           Recommends: x11-xserver-utils-lts-trusty but it is not going to be installed
                           Conflicts: libglapi-mesa:i386 (>= 0~)
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

How can I solve this?

I'm running Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS 64 bit with kernel 3.5.0-53-generic.

11.04 - Root Access in Natty

How to access root in Natty? usually, i use this methode for login as root sudo password root but in Natty this methode not work. there a solution?

If you want that you can install "nautilus-gksu" which will give you root access on the right click menu.

After installing Nvidia driver 430 ubuntu 19.04 does not boot and stuck on boot screen

Recently I bought a Nvidia GTX 1660 graphics card, and I already have windows 10 and I installed Ubuntu 19.04 alongside windows 10.

I added the graphics driver PPA and installed Nvidia drivers using the command

sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver-430

everything worked fine until I reboot and it is stuck at the boot screen as below:

Boot screen

I did everything I could. I am sharing all of them

Try 1: I booted in recovery mode and selected the following option

dpkg             Repair broken packages

Previously a few times this solved my problem and computer booted successfully with nvidia drivers but nowdays it does not solve my problem.

Try 2: I booted in recovery mode and I opened root terminal from there and uninstalled nvidia driver using

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*

Then everything went fine and I successfully booted without nvidia driver and now my screen resolution reduced to 1024x768

PLEASE HELP ME TO INSTALL NVIDIA DRIVER PROPERLY. I'D BE GRATEFUL.

Why does my NTFS partition mount as read only?

Until recently both my Windows Partition (C:) and my Data Partition (E:) would mount as read/write. Now both seem to only mount as read-only.

GParted Resize (Error)

ntfsresize v2.0.0 (libntfs 10:0:0)
Device name : /dev/sda4
NTFS volume version: 3.1
Cluster size : 4096 bytes
Current volume size: 86207623680 bytes (86208 MB)
Current device size: 86207627264 bytes (86208 MB)

New volume size : 78662066688 bytes (78663 MB)
Checking filesystem consistency ...
Accounting clusters ...
Space in use : 62126 MB (72.1%)
Collecting resizing constraints ...
Needed relocations : 1606868 (6582 MB)
Schedule chkdsk for NTFS consistency check at Windows boot time ...
Resetting $LogFile ... (this might take a while)
Relocating needed data ...
ERROR: Extended record needed (1032 > 1024), not yet supported!

Please try to free less space.

chkdsk Output:

Checking file system on E:
The type of the file system is NTFS.
Volume label is Data.

A disk check has been scheduled.

Windows will now check the disk.                         
  99482 file records processed.
  495 large file records processed.                     
  0 bad file records processed.                         
  0 EA records processed.                               
  0 reparse records processed.                          
  104412 index entries processed.                       
  0 unindexed files processed.                          
  99482 security descriptors processed.                 
  2466 data files processed.                            


CHKDSK is verifying Usn Journal...
  4479208 USN bytes processed.                                     
Usn Journal verification completed.
Windows has checked the file system and found no problems.

84187132 KB total disk space.
  60479688 KB in 69969 files.
     15520 KB in 2467 indexes.
         0 KB in bad sectors.

    174336 KB in use by the system.
     65536 KB occupied by the log file.
  23517588 KB available on disk.
      4096 bytes in each allocation unit.
  21046783 total allocation units on disk.
   5879397 allocation units available on disk.

Internal Info:
9a 84 01 00 00 1b 01 00 fc 1a 01 00 00 00 00 00  ................
01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................

42 00 00 00 52 73 5c 77 b0 e7 1d 00 b0 df 1d 00  B...Rs\w........

fstab

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).

#
#                
proc            /proc           proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid 0       0
# / was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=8213cc89-2438-41b9-899f-13b4c5b299af /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# swap was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=45873767-d9ae-4f0c-baab-ffc2726ac24e none            swap    sw              0       0

Checked the drive in GParted, GSmartControl and with ntfsfix, all completed successfully, no change.

Partitions

dev/sda1 NTFS WinRE
dev/sda2 NTFS Windows C:
dev/sda3 Extended
dev/sda4 NTFS Data E:
dev/sda5 EXT4 Ubuntu
dev/sda6 linux-swap

I am looking for an explanation of:

Internal Info:
9a 84 01 00 00 1b 01 00 fc 1a 01 00 00 00 00 00  ................
01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................

42 00 00 00 52 73 5c 77 b0 e7 1d 00 b0 df 1d 00  B...Rs\w........

and

Resetting $LogFile ... (this might take a while)
Relocating needed data ...
ERROR: Extended record needed (1032 > 1024), not yet supported!
Please try to free less space.

The system might not have the files for writing to NTFS partitions installed.

Try this in terminal:

sudo apt-get remove ntfsprogs && sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g

This removes ntfsprogs if it's present on the system, and installs ntfs-3g which should allow you to write properly to NTFS partitions.

Then reboot your system, and attempt to open the NTFS drive for write access. You should now be able to write to the NTFS drive.

How can I change where Steam installs games?

I have a Lenovo u410 laptop. My recent install broke so I reinstalled with 13.04 daily. It's on a 30gb primary sdd, and I want to offload large files to the 1tb hard drive that also resides in my system.

I installed steam and it defaulted to my SSD as expected. Is there anything special I would have to add to the fstab for my second ext3 hdd? Is this as simple as symlinking to a directory on the hard disk?

Conclusion:

I mounted my hard drive disk as /home in the fstab. Since it's now ext4 steam installs games and dependencies there by default.

When you click on a game to install it on the first window that pops up there will be a drop down menu. On here you have a choice to install on the default directory or to create a new library.

---

When you choose to install in a new directory you will get a choice of where to install.

I hope this helps.

bug reporting - What can I do when Launchpad shows a wrong upstream connection?

I noticed that the file source package in Ubuntu on Launchpad is connected to the wrong upstream project. This obviously can't be fixed from Ask Ubuntu, but I am hoping someone can tell me what I can do to get it fixed (or, if for some reason it is best left unfixed, explain that).

I believe I should report this as a bug, but how?¹ Assuming I am even right about that, what project on Launchpad should I report it against? Launchpad itself? Ubuntu with no package specified? (This can be done, but it's usually discouraged.) file in Ubuntu? Note that this is not a problem with the file package itself.

I don't think Launchpad will allow me to change the upstream connection myself. But even if it does, I don't think I should do that without more information, so in effect I need to file a bug report or otherwise enlist the help of others in an appropriate way.² What should I do?

---

¹ _{To try and figure out what to report this bug against, I re-read ReportingBugs, checked FindRightPackage (which does not appear to cover this sort of situation) and reviewed How do I report a bug? (Those resources are mainly for reporting bugs in software running on one's Ubuntu system, so it makes sense to me that I didn't find what I was looking for.) I also browsed and searched the Launchpad Help.}

² _{This is because, even though the current upstream connection is clearly incorrect, I'm not sure how it is best fixed. I can expand this question with more details about that on request, but I've avoided that for now because I don't want to create the appearance that I am attempting to report this problem here rather than in an actual bug report, and because I doubt it will affect the answer to my question.}

I don't think Launchpad will allow me to change the upstream connection myself.

It does - that's what the yellow icon next to the upstream link is (the red icon is for removing the link). The link is obviously wrong, so I have gone ahead and removed it, so now Launchpad shows this instead:

I don't think there's a project registered on Launchpad for the file command. Now:

• Anybody can register a project, but of course it's preferable if someone actually involved with the project creates it.


• There's no actual need for an upstream project for file to be registered in Launchpad: I doubt they will use it for announcements, code releases, bug tracking or anything else that LP offers.



• If you feel that an upstream project should exist, I'd ask the maintainer of the package about the best course of action (maybe they can create the project, or ask someone from upstream if they're interested). But:

  
  

  
  

  Christoph Biedl does not use Launchpad. This page was created on 2011-09-07 when the certificatepatrol package was imported into Sid.

  
  

This is not a bug with LP - projects and upstream connections are created by LP users, so this is likely user error.

I suggest that you ask the maintainer by posting a question on LP (questions can be converted to bugs and vice versa, if needed), but clearly nobody involved with file is interested in LP, so why bother?

---

You could also ask the LP Registry Administrators team to make a dummy project for file:

We own and register many projects in Launchpad, but we are always looking to hand them off to their official owners.

They own projects like coreutils (whose maintainers also probably have no interest in a presence on LP).

Ubuntu login error although password is correct

So I was trying to install Hadoop and probably made some changes to some files.
Since then when I try to log in to Ubuntu , after entering the password,the screen blinks and comes back to original log in page.

Any help would be welcome. I have tried all suggestions mentioned in questions similar to mine but was unable to solve the problem. Thanks in advance! :)

14.04 - PC Stuck on GRUB screen

So basically I had Windows 10 and Ubuntu 14.04 installed on a dual boot using grub. I decided I didn't want ubuntu any more so I deleted the Linux hard drive partitions out of my disk manger on windows 10. Now I rebooted my pc hoping to skip grub and go straight to windows but I'm stuck on this error. I have an HP Pavilion Desktop. I've tried booting into the HP system recovery and startup manager but it goes straight to this error on grub. The error is "Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported. For the first word, TAB lists possible command completions. Anywhere else TAB lists possible device or file completions." Also whenever I type into the grub thing I get random letters instead of the ones I press. PLEASE HELP ME!!

64 bit - g77 for Ubuntu 14.04 (64 bit)

I have been having troubles installing g77. When I type "sudo apt-get install g77" in terminal I get:

"""
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package g77 is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source.

E: Package 'g77' has no installation candidate
"""

I am aware that g77 is no longer supported. I have gfortran, gcc, etc. installed but I need g77 for some older code that I want to use.

I have read one way to do this is to download g77 (64 bit) and install it (http://conquer-ur-computer.blogspot.ca/2011/02/g77-offline-installation-for-all-ubuntu.html), but I can't seem to find a safe place to download.

Any help would be appreciated.

Thanks.

To get it to work, I followed karel's instructions:

Downloaded g77 from Ziddu, link on karel's comment.
Scanned the file for viruses and malware before and after unzipping it (wasn't sure it Ziddu was safe).
Put the unzipped file on my desktop.
In the desktop directory of my terminal entered:

tar -xzvf g77_x64_debian_and_ubuntu.tar.gz 
cd g77_x64_debian_and_ubuntu 

chmod +x ./install.sh
sudo ./install.sh

Then it worked (tested by entering g77 in terminal, reads: g77: no input files).

package management - Unable to install libjack-dev

I am on Ubuntu 14.04. 64-bit and I am trying to install linuxband. To do I need to install the package libjack-dev, but when I do so I obtain the following message:

Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an
impossible  situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libjack-dev : Depends: libjack0 (= 1:0.121.3+20120418git75e3e20b-2.1ubuntu1) but it is
not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

The point is that I do have the other libjack-jackd2 installed for example, but when I run the ./configure for linuxband I get:

checking for JACK_MIDI_NEEDS_NFRAMES... no

Which is the only no in the list. When I run the make, it generates a plethora of undefined references (examples:

src/main/c/linuxband-player.c: In function ‘main’:
src/main/c/linuxband-player.c:768:2: warning: ‘g_thread_init’ is deprecated (declared at
/usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/deprecated/gthread.h:261) [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
g_thread_init(NULL);
^

or later

linuxband-player.c:(.text+0x50b): undefined reference to `jack_transport_query'
linuxband-player.c:(.text+0x586): undefined reference to `jack_transport_query'
linuxband-player.c:(.text+0x5a1): undefined reference to `jack_last_frame_time'
linuxband-player.c:(.text+0x615): undefined reference to `jack_last_frame_time'
linuxband-player.c:(.text+0x672): undefined reference to `smf_peek_next_event'
linuxband-player.c:(.text+0x6b5): undefined reference to `smf_event_is_metadata

and so on)

until it ends in:

 /tmp/ccrh0o5V.o:remote_control.c:(.text+0xf01): more undefined references to `g_log' follow
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [target/linuxband-player] Error 1

Can someone help please?

grub2 - Ubuntu 14.04.3 screen shuts down after boot. Problem with NVIDIA. How to set NOMODESET from GRUB

I have ubuntu 14.04.3 installed on my new machine equipped with an nvidia geforce 970.

Not to mention the pains I had in installing nvidia.352, last night I made a simple update and shut down. However, this morning I had the black screen login page instead of the graphical. There was a problem with nvidia I figured. So I tried to downgrade to an older version. It didn't help. Last thing I did was to purge nvidia. After reboot, however, this time I don't even get the black login page. Instead, the screen shuts down and there is nothing I can do.

I tried with recovery mode through GRUB. However, no matter which one of the options I choose, I always get the same problem. The screen shuts down and I have to reboot manually. So no terminal, no login, just the system boot settings.

After a fair amount of search, I found out that there is an issue with a concept called nomodeset which has to be set through grub. As this link suggests, I searched for the line starting with linux and ending with quiet splash to add nomodeset there. However, what I have is this:

linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.19.0-33-generic root=UUID=f40f49f8-a44b-4709-b79b-0873ca3c3b72 ro /

So there is no quiet splash to add nomodeset to. However, if I anyway try to add either nomodeset or nomodeset quiet splash in the end of the line and then reboot, it halts and I need to reboot manually.

So my question is: Is there anyway that I can have at least an access to a terminal by modifying GRUB?

At this moment I need to have a terminal to try to recover my files if possible and then maybe install nvidi again.

I add a PPA but the software does not show up in Ubuntu 11.10 updates nor Software Centre

Every time I add a PPA I cannot see the package I'm trying to install. I suppose I must be doing something wrong! So here's my latest effort:

In a Terminal I typed:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jeromerobert/misc

and that seemed to work correctly

Then I typed:

sudo apt-get update

But when I go to Synaptic or Software Center the application I want to install is not there. Could someone please tell me what I'm doing wrong?

drivers - Changing nvidia graphics card after installing 16.04

I have installed Ubuntu 16.04 and at present I am using the graphics card: GeForce 8400GS. I would like to remove this card and instead replace it with GTX GeForce 980 Ti which I have.

1. If I keep the current driver (for GeForce 8400GS), replace the
   graphics card then ubuntu won't boot up.


2. I can't install the new driver (driver for GTX GeForce 980 Ti)
   without removing the current card.

What is the recommended way to changing the cards and the respective graphic drivers?

Thanks for your suggestions in advance.

server - problem when reinstall apache2 ubuntu 14.04

I had some problem when reinstall apache2.

I use:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall apache2 apache2-bin

and then error with this messages,

/etc/init.d/apache2: 64: .: Can't open /etc/apache2/envvars
/etc/init.d/apache2: 76: .: Can't open /etc/apache2/envvars
ERROR: APACHE_PID_FILE needs to be defined in /etc/apache2/envvarsinvoke-rc.d: initscript apache2, action "restart" failed

I try to purge use this:

sudo apt-get purge apache2

after that I try to reinstall again use this:

sudo apt-get install apache2

This is message when I try to reinstall apache2 use that code:

    Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
  apache2-doc apache2-suexec-pristine apache2-suexec-custom apache2-utils
The following NEW packages will be installed:

  apache2
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 405 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/87,5 kB of archives.
After this operation, 473 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Selecting previously unselected package apache2.
(Reading database ... 170080 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../apache2_2.4.7-1ubuntu4.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking apache2 (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ...

Processing triggers for ufw (0.34~rc-0ubuntu2) ...
Setting up apache2 (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.1) ...
Enabling module mpm_event.
cp: cannot stat ‘/usr/share/apache2/default-site/index.html’: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package apache2 (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ...
Processing triggers for ufw (0.34~rc-0ubuntu2) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 apache2

E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Can somebody please help me to solve this problem?

You can see what dpkg complaining about,

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f

try to run the following command

sudo apt-get remove --purge apache2 apache2-utils

then run,

sudo apt-get install apache2

grub2 - How to boot in recovery mode? It's not in the menu

I installed the nvidia drivers and now I have a black screen, so I need to boot in recovery mode to fix it, because ctrl + alt + f1 shows a black screen too.

But for some reason the recovery mode is not in the grub menu.

If I press 'c' I can get a grub command line.

So what's the command for booting ubuntu in recovery mode?

Which nvidia driver from additional drivers option should I choose?

I have NVIDIA Geforece 7025 / nForce 630a integrated gfx card on my UBUNTU 12.04.And I have 4 options in Additional drivers:

• 
  NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (version 173)


• 
  NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (post-release updates)(version current updates)


• 
  NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (version current)[Recommended]


• 
  NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (post-release updates)(version 173 updates)

I am currently using the First option.

My Problem is there I can't update the version 173 to the latest version of drivers using xswat PPA. Whenever I do it and reboot but the NVIDIA xserver sttings always shows me the same version.

Which option would allow me to update my drivers to the current version?

[recommended] is recommended

Generally, recommended is the best course of action.

If you have a specific bug, file a bug.

[recommended] is targeted to work for the largest number of users with recent hardware. It may or may not work for this problem.

I post it as an answer in hopes that someone with minor problems introduced by a post-release driver would at least try the recommended driver instead (e.g. there was an issue for ATI at one point where the post-release driver failed to install and broke everything, but the recommended driver worked mostly).

If it solves your problem, great. If it doesn't, I leave it here as a recommendation for other users to try who insist on edge drivers before trying out the recommended ones. I hope you understand the reasoning.

application development - I want to create .dmg file from my source file on ubuntu so that I can distribute it on mac?

Is there a way to create .dmg file from my source file, from command line, or is there any software available which will allow me to roll out my software on mac OS as well?

Thanks in advance.

bash - Startup script Problem

I am new to Ubuntu.I want to run this script every time my system reboots.Is there a way to do that?Thanks in advance for help.

# !/bin/bash
#fix resolution problem
xrandr --newmode "1440x900_60.00"  106.50  1440 1528 1672 1904  900 903 909 934  -   hsync +vsync   
xrandr --addmode VGA1 1440x900_60.00

First of all make your file executable by using this command :

chmod +x file_name

after you go to the file location

then add this line to

/etc/rc.local

here is the line:

/path/to/file/file_name

next time you restart your PC i think it will work well.

login - Password change does not work using GUI

I have been trying to change my password now for a while, and every single time I get an error. Here's what I have tried so far:

• passwd in terminal - I get a message saying the password has been changed successfully, but when I have to use it anywhere else, to login or to authenticate a change the new password doesn't work; I have to use the old one.


• System > Users and Groups - When I use this to change the password, the password change dialog box grays out after I enter the new password and remains that way. I can close the window, but the password doesn't get changed.

Any idea what could be wrong or how to solve this? Might have to file a bug in Launchpad otherwise. FYI, I'm using 10.10 Netbook Edition.

Update: Included answer to how I solved problem. However, the problem with being unable to update passwords using the GUI 'Users and Groups' remains. The dialog box goes gray and password remains unchanged. Any idea why this could be happening / anyone else facing this?

I figured out what I was doing incorrectly when trying to update using passwd - I typed in sudo passwd instead of just passwd. The latter is for changing user password, which I wanted to do. However, the problem with being unable to update passwords using the GUI 'Users and Groups' remains.

14.04 - how can I reinstall ubuntu while using it by formating whole hard disk?

I want to reinstall the Ubuntu and install it again by formating my whole hard drive please help

libreoffice - Libre Offices does not open LO Documents

Yesterday 16/9, I did an update on Libre Office as per "update" message from Ubuntu 18.04 Developer Edition .
This morning I want to start Libre office and it does not load any existing/new documents.
You get the main LO screen and when you select your document, it blinks
....... and its closed.

LibreOffice 6.0.6.2 Build ID: 1:6.0.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1

I have tried the following solution but it did not work:
"Deleting" the .config/libreoffice directory

Pls advise

As per DK Bose request inxi -Sr

Second edit:
I have removed my original install with help of this link:
https://anglehit.com/how-to-completely-remove-libreoffice-in-ubuntu-the-command-line-way/

and install it with this link:
http://tipsonubuntu.com/2018/08/11/install-libreoffice-6-1-ubuntu-18-04-16-04/ (the 2nd option ppa:libreoffice)

I have accepted that my new LO could break with a new update.... I need my
documents now
New version : 6.1.1.2 Build ID: 1:6.1.1~rc2-0ubuntu0.18.04.1~lo3

encryption - Cannot log in to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

I was working on installing duo 2fa for ssh when ubuntu stopped accepting my password. According to passwd I have it correct, but nothing else accepts it. I tried to reset it and it said it was successful. When I try to log in with the old password it shows a yellow box that just says Password. Any other password is incorrect.
My home directory is encrypted and I know both the password I enter at boot and the key it gave me. Now my only goal is to get the files from my home directory. I went into ubuntu recovery and created a new sudoer user and set the owner of my home directory to that user (which probably did nothing). I also set the password. When I try to log in, that password is also always incorrect.
When I tried to access my disk with a live usb or even the root user (even with the fs in read/write) I always get the standard two files-readme and the access-your-private-desktop.desktop thing.

Thanks for reading and please help me. Again, my only goal at this point is to get those files back. A bonus would be the whole user. Thank you.

customization - How do I remaster a Ubuntu cd into a Ubuntu cd with only Gnome Shell?

I was wondering if this was possible and easy to do.

I want to take my Ubuntu 11.10 64bit Cd and remaster it so that it will instead be a Gnome3 live Cd that I can install later install Gnome Shell with it instead of Unity.

I know that Fedora already comes this way but I don't like the rpm package format and love the deb package format along with ppa's.

I would also like to change some of the default programs on the cd as well as add other repositories other than the normal default ones.

Also I would like to include all updates to the files that came with then Cd when I was originally made to make it as up to date as possible.

Thanks for any help on this.

do what ever you want to do then after doing all the desired changes.Install remastersys
and view this tutorial

unity - How do I modify Libre Office launcher's icon right-click menu on Ubuntu 13.04?

Upon right-click Libre Office Unity launcher icon shows only two items: to open Libre Office itself (i.e. its main menu) or to unpin the icon from launcher.

I want Libre Office icon in my Unity bar to present several options on right-click, e.g. 'Open Write', 'Open Calc', etc., similar to Files launcher icon which allows to open various folders upon right-click.

Is it possible to modify Libre Office Unity launcher's right-click menu to list all office applications?

EDIT: thanks to the help provided by @user852994 and especially this link to Ubuntu Documentation I finally managed to piece together launcher code that works for me on 13.04:

[Desktop Entry]

Version=1.0
Terminal=false
Icon=libreoffice-startcenter
Type=Application
Categories=Office;X-Red-Hat-Base;X-SuSE-Core-Office;X-MandrivaLinux-Office-Other;
Exec=libreoffice %U
MimeType=application/vnd.openofficeorg.extension;
Name=LibreOffice
GenericName=Office
Comment=Edit/Create documents


Actions=Writer;Calc;Impress;Draw

[Desktop Action Writer]
Name=Writer
Exec=libreoffice --writer %U
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action Calc]
Name=Calc

Exec=libreoffice --calc %U
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action Impress]
Name=Impress
Exec=libreoffice --impress %U
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action Draw]
Name=Draw

Exec=libreoffice --draw %U
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

As described in here, you can edit the Desktop-File, that should be located here: /usr/share/applications/libreoffice-startcenter.desktop (as of Ubuntu 12.04 it is, look in that folder for a LibreOffice Shortcut otherwise). Copy that file to ~/.local/share/applications/ and modify the copy as described in the article mentioned before adding some [Desktop Action %younameit] sections, so in the end it might look like this:

#
# This file is part of the LibreOffice project.
#
# This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public

# License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
# file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
#
# This file incorporates work covered by the following license notice:
#
#   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
#   contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed
#   with this work for additional information regarding copyright
#   ownership. The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache
#   License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file

#   except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
#   the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 .
#
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Terminal=false
Icon=libreoffice-startcenter
Type=Application
Categories=Office;X-Red-Hat-Base;X-SuSE-Core-Office;X-MandrivaLinux-Office-Other;
Exec=libreoffice %U

MimeType=application/vnd.openofficeorg.extension;
Name=LibreOffice
GenericName=Office
GenericName[ne]=वर्ड प्रोसेसर (...)

Actions=Writer;Calc;

[Desktop Action Writer]
Exec=libreoffice --writer %U
Name=LibreOffice Writer

OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action Calc]
Exec=libreoffice --calc %U
Name=LibreOffice Writer
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

boot - Ubuntu 17.04 takes 3 minutes from GRUB to the login screen

I’m Running Ubuntu Budgie 17.04 on a HP Envy 13 with 8 GB RAM, an SSD and a I5 core,so I expect Ubuntu to boot quickly.
I’m dual booting with Windows 10 and have disabled fast start up in windows settings. Secure boot is enabled.
I’ve seen a few “fixes” such as Terribly slow boot on Ubuntu 17.04
but it will not let me save the edited file nor am I sure how much of the file to edit to try this.

Here’s the output of systemd-analyze:

jake@jake-HP-ENVY-13:~$ systemd-analyze
Startup finished in 3.046s (firmware) + 2.865s (loader) + 1.564s (kernel) + 3min 482ms (userspace) = 3min 7.958s
jake@jake-HP-ENVY-13:~$ systemd-analyze blame
          5.022s nmbd.service
          1.904s fwupd.service
          1.454s apparmor.service
          1.414s plymouth-read-write.service
           560ms dev-nvme0n1p5.device
           368ms NetworkManager-wait-online.service
           335ms systemd-resolved.service
           193ms postfix@-.service
           126ms lightdm.service
           124ms plymouth-quit-wait.service
           102ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
            98ms systemd-timesyncd.service
            95ms networking.service
            86ms keyboard-setup.service
            86ms ModemManager.service
            83ms smbd.service
            80ms snapd.service
            77ms upower.service
            74ms tlp.service
            68ms accounts-daemon.service
            68ms apport.service
            66ms NetworkManager.service
            57ms speech-dispatcher.service
            55ms irqbalance.service
            53ms gpu-manager.service
            53ms grub-common.service
            53ms systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service
            50ms systemd-logind.service
            48ms systemd-journald.service
            47ms thermald.service
            46ms bluetooth.service
            41ms avahi-daemon.service
            33ms alsa-restore.service
            32ms systemd-udevd.service
            31ms udisks2.service
            26ms snap-repair.service
            26ms pppd-dns.service
            25ms colord.service
            25ms systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-FA26\x2d239C.service
            24ms packagekit.service
            23ms systemd-modules-load.service
            23ms plymouth-start.service
            20ms user@1000.service
            20ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
            18ms geoclue.service
            17ms polkit.service
            14ms ureadahead-stop.service
            14ms rsyslog.service
            12ms setvtrgb.service
            10ms resolvconf.service
          5.022s nmbd.service
          1.904s fwupd.service
          1.454s apparmor.service
          1.414s plymouth-read-write.service
           560ms dev-nvme0n1p5.device
           368ms NetworkManager-wait-online.service
           335ms systemd-resolved.service
           193ms postfix@-.service
           126ms lightdm.service
           124ms plymouth-quit-wait.service
           102ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
            98ms systemd-timesyncd.service
            95ms networking.service
            86ms keyboard-setup.service
            86ms ModemManager.service
            83ms smbd.service
            80ms snapd.service
            77ms upower.service
            74ms tlp.service
            68ms accounts-daemon.service
            68ms apport.service
            66ms NetworkManager.service
            57ms speech-dispatcher.service
            55ms irqbalance.service
            53ms gpu-manager.service
            53ms grub-common.service
            53ms systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service
            50ms systemd-logind.service
            48ms systemd-journald.service
            47ms thermald.service
            46ms bluetooth.service
            41ms avahi-daemon.service
            33ms alsa-restore.service
            32ms systemd-udevd.service
            31ms udisks2.service
            26ms snap-repair.service
            26ms pppd-dns.service
            25ms colord.service
            25ms systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-FA26\x2d239C.service
            24ms packagekit.service
            23ms systemd-modules-load.service
            23ms plymouth-start.service
            20ms user@1000.service
            20ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
            18ms geoclue.service
            17ms polkit.service
            14ms ureadahead-stop.service
            14ms rsyslog.service
            12ms setvtrgb.service
            10ms resolvconf.service
            10ms wpa_supplicant.service
             9ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
             8ms systemd-remount-fs.service
             8ms dev-mqueue.mount
             7ms dev-hugepages.mount
             7ms snapd.autoimport.service
             6ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
             5ms systemd-journal-flush.service
             5ms ufw.service
             5ms boot-efi.mount
             4ms systemd-user-sessions.service
             4ms systemd-sysctl.service
             4ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
             4ms kmod-static-nodes.service
             3ms systemd-update-utmp.service
             3ms rtkit-daemon.service
             3ms systemd-random-seed.service
             2ms console-setup.service
             2ms systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service
             2ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
             1ms swapfile.swap
           927us postfix.service
           385us snapd.socket
lines 51-73/73 (END)

What can I try/do to speed this up?
I'm a novice so ELI5 please.

14.04 - How to add a program that is not installed via APT/dpkg to launcher?

I installed Android Development Tools (you just download it and run the executable file inside a folder). I want to pin the ADT to the launcher, but I don't know how to do that. I tried to drag the executable file, but it didn't work. I also tried to click "Lock to the launcher"(on the right click when it's running), but it also didn't work. Any ideas?

Edit1: If I create shortcut like in the article you claim answers my question. Can I install normal eclipse and set it in a way it's the same like ADT downloaded from android.com? I tried that as well, but some features are missing.

Edit2: When I try to run it, what I get is an error message saying There was an error launching the application

Edit3: This is what I typed

Desktop Entry]
Name=Eclipse
Type=Application Exec='/home/dusan/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20140321/eclipse/eclipse'

Terminal=false
Icon='/home/dusan/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20140321/eclipse/icon.xpm'
Comment=Eclipse
NoDisplay=false
Categories=Development;IDE
Name[en]=Eclipse.desktop

Edit4: Eclipse launched successfuly.

Edit5: I also tried without apostrophes, but I get the same error message as in Edit2.

You should create a Desktop Entry first:
Go in terminal and write:

sudo nano /usr/share/applications/adt.desktop

and write inside of editor:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=ADT
Type=Application
Exec=/home/dusan/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20140321/eclipse/eclipse 
Terminal=false
Icon=/home/dusan/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20140321/eclipse/eclipse.xpm
Comment=Any comment
NoDisplay=false
Categories=Development;IDE
Name[en]=adt.desktop

Replace Icon and Exec with the path to Eclipse. Then press Ctrl+X followed by Y, then Enter.

Now you have desktop entry in Dashboard.
Drag it to your launcher. May need to logout.

package management - Problem installing UniversalIndentGUI

I need a GUI beautifier for C code. I've found UniversalIndentGUI on sourceforge. Downloaded a .deb file.Opened it with Ubuntu Software Center to install it but the button is grey and unclickable and there is a line saying

Dependency is not satisfiable: libqscintilla2-3.

I've installed via the Synaptic Package Manager libqscintilla2-5 but that didn't help. Is there any way to install the UniversalIndentGUI, the libqscintilla2-3 package or to some how work around the problem?

boot - Ubuntu 18.04 not booting after Windows 10 install

After installing Windows 10 on a new hard drive, Ubuntu 18.04 will no longer boot.

The computer boots to Grub 2.02, but to a version I'm not familiar with, showing the EFI images.

Choosing the different options results in the following:

• "EFI/ubuntu/fwupx64.efi" returns me to the menu, with no message


• "EFI/ubuntu/mmx64.efi" shows Shim UEFI key management screen


• All "efi/Efi//.efi" options result in a file not found error


• The Windows options boot to Windows correctly

I've tried Boot-Repair a couple of times with no luck. The last report from Boot-Repair can be found here.

Is there any way to completely reinstall the EFI setup?

Update:
Running grub-mkconfig produces the same incorrect menu entries. The config is generated using the files in /etc/grub.d. My directory only contained /etc/grub.d/25_custom, which is the only file in that directory. It looks like my /etc/grub.d templates are hosed, and I need to find a way to regenerate them. Is there a command to rebuild these templates?

As pointed out by @karels comment, the grub config is generated using the files in /etc/grub.d. My directory only contained /etc/grub.d/25_custom, which contained the strange menu entries shown in the screenshot. It looks like my /etc/grub.d templates were maybe hosed by boot-repair.

I fixed this by:

1. Boot with Live CD (probably important to use same Ubuntu version)


2. sudo mount /dev/sdxx /mnt


3. sudo cp /etc/grub.d/* /mnt/etc/grub.d/


4. sudo update-grub


5. Reboot & relax after 48 hours of pain

command line - How to launch GUI app (in Ctrl+Alt+F7) from tty (Ctrl+Alt+F1-F6)

I want to know that how can I launch GUI apps from tty (Ctrl+Alt+F1-F6) into GUI mode (Ctrl+Alt+F7)

Sometimes, users having problem with GUI mode like: can login to GUI but Launcher is not working or unable to open even terminal from shortcut. Then this can help to launch essential applications from tty

You can specify DISPLAY environment to specify display for launching apps (see Graphical Environment) as follows from tty:

DISPLAY=:0 

Example:

DISPLAY=:0 gedit
DISPLAY=:0 gnome-terminal

This will launch GUI applications in GUI mode (Ctrl+Alt+F7) from tty (Ctrl+Alt+F1-F6).

How to start User Accounts on startup?

I have to run the application User Accounts on Startup (log in), but I do not manage to add it to Startup Applications.

How can I do that?

User accounts normally appears as part of the System Settings (System Settings > User Accounts).

To open it specifically from command line, you have to add either the command:

gnome-control-center user-accounts

or

unity-control-center user-accounts

on Ubuntu 14.04, or

unity-control-center user-accounts

on 15.04+

to Startup Applications.

How to add startup applications in lubuntu?

Is there a 'Startup applications' app for lubuntu?
Or how do I add apps to startup? I attempted a tutorial to add entries to ~/.config/autostart, but it did not work. Isn't there an easy way? Any ideas please?

Remote desktop solution working with Ubuntu 12.04 + Unity (3D)?

I'm trying to install a remote desktop solution on some clients using Ubuntu with Unity (3D). I've uninstalled Unity2d because it behaves not very well.

Xrdp won't work, only the wallpaper is shown.

The same goes for freenx-server.

The only servers that seems to work properly are the vnc-based as vino. Right, VNC is okay, but it is a bit slow.

Also, vino is not enough. Clients can only connect if they have manually configured the vino server, and they can't connect if the session is closed.

Sure, I could install a VNC server that launched a daemon at startup, but I want the clients to login with their credentials, and, for example, tightvncserver, only gets a global password as far as i know. Perhaps it's possible to open lightdm from a tightvncserver session?

There are two possible scenarios:

• A session is started and the client should attach to the current session.


• A session is not started, and the client should start a new one. Better if the client can logout and reattach to that session later, locally or remotely.

grub2 - Windows not booting in dual boot with Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows 7

I have dual Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows 7 installed in my PC.
I installed Ubuntu after Windows, and I have issues with GRUB. After installing Ubuntu, there was no boot loader in the start up, with an error message about missing OS.
I tried boot repair, I can see the GRUB loader now and can access Ubuntu, uut I am not able to access Windows, even though I can see that in GRUB loader.

I tried to fix the Windows start up with my Windows Live CD, but that removed the GRUB.

What should I do in this case?

backup - Gnome disk tool for HDD or SSD image creation & restore

My question: Can Gnome utility create an image of complete HDD or SSD irrespective of whether HDD contains partitions or not? For example I have a HDD which has three partitions , can I use Gnome to create an image & then restore it. I will use a bootable Linux USB for this.
thanks

Installing Nvidia Drivers / Power Use bug

A few months back I installed Ubuntu for the first time on a new laptop and started getting accustomed to it. After doing the initial setup and installing nvidia drivers for my dedicated gpu I encountered a bug that would cause the drivers to not unload properly once prime-select was switched to intel.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubuntu-drivers-common/+bug/1778011

Now as I'm looking at this, and correct me if I'm wrong, the bug seems to be resolved.

Does that mean that I have to install nvidia-390 and that will contain the bugfix or do I need to install a different driver?

Nvidia-396 which seems to be the latest stable driver returns a not found when trying to install from terminal.

Using ubuntu 18.04.01 LTS

Here's the output of inxi -G

Graphics:  Card-1: Intel UHD Graphics 620

           Card-2: NVIDIA Device 1d12
           Display Server: x11 (X.Org 1.19.6 )
           drivers: modesetting (unloaded: fbdev,vesa)
           Resolution: 1920x1080@59.98hz
           OpenGL: renderer: Mesa DRI Intel UHD Graphics 620 (Kabylake GT2)
           version: 4.5 Mesa 18.0.5

I figured out a fix.

While having nvidia-390 installed I couldn't install nvidia-driver-396 as the terminal would just spit out errors that I couldn't fix.

The newest drivers refused to download and install until the point where I ran

sudo apt remove nvidia-390
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*

(I also ran sudo apt-get purge bumblebee* since I wasn't sure if that had installed anything related to nvidia)

Once that was done I ran

sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver-396

And it worked perfectly. I still can't see the name of my video card in Ubuntu itself, but everything seems to be working just fine.

ubuntu 14.04 stuck in login loop, cannot login using any tty

Ubuntu x64 on a Dell Inspiron 1525, not sure what to do, cannot login as guest or the one profile i created, even using the tty1-6. i've run boot repair and i've done a couple of the boot recovery solutions to no avail. i read many similar threads and posts from all over (re: nvidia cards, .Xauthority edits, reinstalling Unity, creating new user profiles, changing passwords, etc.) and i'm not sure how to accomplish some of the things people are suggesting. i can boot from liveusb, and see the hard drive, but i'm also trying to get some files from there, everything is backed up already from a couple of days ago, i just need maybe a handful of new ones. any suggestions on how to start trying to fix this? (note: i accessed & copied my new files via puppy linux, still wasn't able to copy from live usb, though)

Can I do a Silent or Unattended Release Upgrade?

How do I upgrade to a new Ubuntu version without having to react to prompts?

I'm on 12.04 now and would like to install 12.10. When I start the update, it usually downloads stuff, then asks a question, installs a bit, asks a question, etc.. I leave it overnight and sometimes find that it made almost no progress updating. I'd like to just kick of the process, go away and have it finished after a couple of hours. I'm fine with it automatically updating configuration files in /etc and so on. So how to start an unattended upgrade?

The following command upgrades to the new stable release without prompts:

do-release-upgrade -f DistUpgradeViewNonInteractive

The following command upgrades to the current development release without prompts:

do-release-upgrade -d -f DistUpgradeViewNonInteractive

I haven't tested it, but it seems it just performs the default action when a question arises. It also times out any scripts if they hang for too long.

You might have to do use dpkg-reconfigure afterwards if you are unhappy with the configuration of certain packages, but most of the time you should be ok.

Source: http://awaseroot.wordpress.com/2012/04/29/ubuntu-release-upgrade-fully-automatic-non-interactive-upgrade/ . In the link there are also other ways to do this.

upgrade - Upgrading to Alpha fails due extras repositories

I try to upgrade to the latest release of Ubuntu (14.04 - Alpha).

I typed this in the Terminal:

$ sudo update-manager -d

After some checks, a popup appeared:

I clicked the Upgrade... button:

Preparing to upgrade was successful, but Setting new sofware channels fails:

How can this be fixed?

Just disable the "extra" repositories. These packages still not have trusty counter part, since most of them are for Stable versions:

To disable the extras repositories, just remove all the extras entries from /etc/apt/sources.list file or use the software sources and untick the extras entries there.

sudo sed -i '/extras\.ubuntu\.com/d' /etc/apt/sources.list

64 bit - What version of Ubuntu 11.10 should I prefer? 64bit or 32bit?

Possible Duplicate:
What is the difference between 32-bit and 64-bit and which should I choose?

My notebook Configuration:

Model: Dell N4110
Processor: 2nd Generation Intel® Core™ i3-2310M processor 2.10 GHz
RAM: 4GB

As far as I know, some software do not support 64 bit OS. What about this?

The simple 'rule of thumb' is that if you have >=4Gb RAM and a 64-bit capable processor then you should install 64-bit OS.

bash - Qmlscene from Launcher Icon

I'm currently developing an application just for myself on Ubuntu desktop using Ubuntu SDK. I've been trying to make an executable on the desktop/launcher to start the application from the desktop.

I've created an icon that can be run as an executable and on the command under Properties->Command on the launcher I've put:

qmlscene ~/file/path/main.qml

When entered into the terminal this same way, the application starts how I would like it to. But when launched from the desktop icon, only qmlscene pops up that I then have to manually follow the path to main.qml

Does anyone know how to correctly launch an application from the launcher icon?

You need to use $HOME instead of ~ (tilde).

Tilde is bash specific. In bash tilde automatically expands to the $HOME value.

It has no special meaning, except for bash. See the bash manual for further details about tilde expansion.

Your launcher Exec command should be:

Exec=bash -c "qmlscene $HOME/file/path/main.qml"

---

Edit: My test launcher

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Myapp
Comment=Myapp
Exec=bash -c "qmlscene $HOME/foo.qml"
Terminal=false

Type=Application
Categories=Qt;
TargetEnvironment=Unity
StartupWMClass=do-not-directly-run-firestorm-bin
StartupNotify=true

software recommendation - Geometric measuring tools on screen for PDF documents

Not sure if something exists for such a specific need, but I'll try anyway. I've got some PDF maps, and I was wondering if there's any PDF-viewer or similar software that allows me to measure distances, and use a compass to figure out headings.

The only thing I can think of is to import the maps into image editing software and use a line matching the scale to measure distances, but this would be highly impractical and potentially time consuming, and there would still be no way for me to measure headings.

EDIT: screenruler and kruler are unfortunately too basic, as they lack protractors, as well as the ability to make precision rotations.

What about something that would allow me to overlay, move, and rotate a transparent image of my choosing? That would allow me to create or find my own images of measurement tools.

EDIT2: Running Ubuntu 18.10 on a tablet

Cannot boot both windows and ubuntu anymore due to wrong partition processes. How do i fix this?

Here is my story: I have decided to format my windows 8.1 with "onekey recovery" button of my Lenovo Ideapad Z510. When completed, i have no problems about windows, however grub2 have been lost.
Then i have started to fixing my grub because i have not lost my ubuntu yet. I have tried a lot, but i couldn't. Then i have decided to install ubuntu 14.04.1 again, and i have done it.
I have used my computer as i want for 1 day, the pc starts with grub2, then i choose windows or ubuntu etc..
Then, suddenly, when i have restarted my windows, grub2 have not came, i couldnt understand whats wrong. Then have i started ubuntu live on my usb again and tried to solve via terminal codes.
I followed instructions from internet, i mounted some drives etc. etc. then i hang about looking for codes for unmounting them.

I have started to install ubuntu again, installer gave an error again ( we have found unmounted drives etc. should we unmount them etc.) i clicked yes then i have been shocked!

http://i.hizliresim.com/jv8oYD.png

There are only 5 partitions now, which was 8-9 before. And as you see, somethings are going very bad!

I have tried to solve this with "onekey recovery" button again, which gives me (like)"cannot find files" error now. I think i permanently deleted recovery files of windows, and deleted windows boot mgr (because it doesnt appear).

I'll check for my lenovo's warranty service,but am not sure they will fix this.

What do you think, can i solve this problem or i have just turned into my pc a basic-calculator? Did i kill it?

I am now enjoying my live ubuntu :D (sorry for grammar etc. mistakes )

Note: my pictures, videos etc. are not important for me,, im just looking for save my system.

2 Possibilities:

1. Contact Lenovo Turkey and ask them for a "Recovery DVD" (Depending on the vendor, they will do this for free, charge just Shipping&Handling, or charge you a lot)


2. Delete all partitions, create 1 swap partition with size equal to twice your RAM, create a 64 GB / partition and a 1TB /home partition and install Ubuntu with all its updates. Then install wine under Ubuntu and forget Windows ever existed. (which is how I'm running now)

(yes, that's not all of your disk: keep the rest as "spare" to add wherever you want in a few years time)

nvidia - Open Source friendly Graphics Card manufacturers?

Everyone knows that in general, Nvidia has the best supported graphics cards under Linux. But I don't want to buy into Nvidia's proprietary drivers if I don't have to. ATI has open source drivers, but they have almost no support, and their open source drivers are significantly worse than their closed source drivers. Intel has open source drivers, but their graphics are all integrated and built into the motherboard.

Are there any graphics card manufacturers which have open source drivers and are actually friendly with the open source community? I would gladly like to purchase from them if they exist.

dual boot - GRUB menu doesn't show up after upgrading to Ubuntu 19.04

After upgrading to Ubuntu 19.04 my GRUB menu doesn't not show up.

Instead, it halts for 10 seconds and then directly boots up to 19.04 although I have installed Windows 10 alongside (Dual booted).

GRUB menu was working perfectly when upgrading to 18.10 from 18.04LTS.

Also, if I press Esc or Shift key it hangs and then I have to press power button to start the laptop again.

ssh - What can a user do without sudo?

I'm setting up a server and want a user to only have access to his own files. I do a regular adduser command:

sudo adduser username

And give the user a password. Then I log in to it via ssh and see that I can cd to / and to other users home folders. I don't seem to have write access to much outside of ~/, but I was just thinking exactly what damage can a new user do without having been added to the sudo group?

Should I be taking more precautions and locking down the user further?

In principle, a user created in that way cannot do any damage outside his/her own home directory. As you noticed, a regular user does have access to various directories (e.g. in /, /usr/, /tmp). This is a necessity, because most user-accessible programs are located in /usr/bin and /bin. If the user didn't have (read-only) access to these directories, he/she wouldn't be able to run any programs.

However, a regular user doesn't have accesss to home directories of other users.

You can use the ls -l command to see permissions on a file or directory. See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions for more information on file permissions.

It is possible to limit an ssh user to only a few programs. See for http://www.pizzashack.org/rssh/ and http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-unix-restrict-shell-access-with-rssh.html for the rssh tool, which limits the user to only run copying tools like scp and rsync. Such users won't be able to log in normally to get a shell and run other commands.

Another option is to create a 'chroot' or 'jail' environment. See this AskUbuntu question.

software installation - Install node js 8.2.1 from source in Ubuntu 16.04

I am not able to install node-v8.2.1-linux-x64.tar.xz in my Ubuntu 16.04.

I am installing node via source - I do not want an apt solution as per:

How to install NodeJS 4 using apt?

Message I am getting:-

npm WARN saveError ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 
'/home/ubuntuser/Downloads/node-v8.2.1-linux-x64/lib/package.json'
npm WARN enoent ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 
'/home/vishnu/Downloads/node-v8.2.1-linux-x64/lib/package.json'

npm WARN lib No description
npm WARN lib No repository field.
npm WARN lib No README data
npm WARN lib No license field.

Can anybody post the step by step installation process?

Upgrade popup says my graphic hardware is not supported. Is this true?

I have an hp pavilion dv7 with a Radeon HD4200 graphic card. When I try to upgrade i get this message -Your graphics hardware may not be fully supported in Ubuntu 12.10.

Running the 'unity' desktop environment is not fully supported by your graphics hardware. You will maybe end up in a very slow environment after the upgrade. Our advice is to keep the LTS version for now. For more information see https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Bugs/UpdateManagerWarningForUnity3D Do you still want to continue with the upgrade?

Should I continue or not?

12.04 - No wireless drivers installed? how do i install them?

apparently when I installed 12.04 I was not online and no wireless drivers were installed - if I connect a cable I do get internet access.
this is a b590 lenovo laptop.

when I type in lspci I get this:

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev c4)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04)

00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04)
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point 6 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04)
02:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation Device 4365 (rev 01)
03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 07)

In case that helps at all

upgrade - error occur when sudo apt-get update

Below error was occur after upgrading Ubuntu 14.04 from 13.01:

(gedit:15234): IBUS-WARNING **: The owner of /home/jez/.config/ibus/bus is not root!
jez@JEZZONEFLY:~$ sudo apt-get update
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下载 163 kB，耗时 1分 8秒 (2,387 B/s)
W: 无法下载 http://ppa.launchpad.net/mc3man/trusty-media/ubuntu/dists/saucy/main/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found
W: 无法下载 http://ppa.launchpad.net/mc3man/trusty-media/ubuntu/dists/saucy/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

Upgrade svn client to 1.9 on Ubuntu

My ubuntu VERSION="14.04.3 LTS, Trusty Tahr"

I wanna upgrade svn client to >1.9 with below two commands

sudo apt-get remove subversion
sudo apt-get install subversion

I thought it would automatically give me latest version, however it is 1.8.8. Did I miss something?

Basically the latest version of svn packaged for 14.04 Trusty Tahr is 1.8.8, so that is the latest version in the Trusty repositories (see here), and therefore the latest version you are able to access.

By far the best solution to this in most cases is just to update Ubuntu, this will give you a more up to date set of repositories, with a much more up to date version of all your packages, including svn. The latest version of Ubuntu is 16.10 Yakkety Yak, which has svn version 1.9.4. If you need LTS, then 16.04LTS Xenial Xerus has svn version 1.9.3.

An alternative solution is to use what's called "apt-pinning" or simply "pinning", to install the Yakkety/Xenial version of svn, without having to update the whole of Ubuntu. This however often results in updating an awful lot of your system anyway, because the newer version of svn, relies on newer versions of other packages which rely on other packages, etc, etc. See these instructions for doing this if you really don't want to update all of Ubuntu.

A final (not recommended) solution, is that you could download the newer Yakkety or Xenial packages manually from those pages, and wrestle through installing the dependencies, and then svn, yourself.

EDIT: You may also be able to get access to an external package repository for svn from elsewhere, as Lv1z explains, but this can often leave your system as a bit of a tangled web, pulling different parts of your system from different sources. Whereas an Ubuntu version update would keep your system relatively clean, and with a guaranteed maintenance cycle from Ubuntu.

14.04 - Installing AMD & Intel dual graphics

I have amd 7670m and intel hd 4000 series graphics on my laptop. 1st I installed Ubuntu 14.04 erasing windows 8. i have installed the AMD graphics but after i install the intel graphics then reboot i got this massage that my system is running on low graphics. Also i want to know that do i need to do anything else beside installing these 2 drivers for making them working?

The Intel graphics driver is built-in in Ubuntu, so you don't need to install an additional driver for the Intel graphics. It is also OK to have the proprietary AMD graphics driver and the built-in Intel graphics driver installed at the same time.

Whatever you did to install an unnecessary additional Intel graphics driver is what caused your low-graphics mode error message. To fix the problem, uninstall the unnecessary additional Intel graphics driver. If you can't remember the name of the graphics driver to uninstall it, you can find it by checking in the History tab in the Ubuntu Software Center, and if you installed it from the terminal you can find it by checking your terminal history using the history command.

partitioning - ubi-partman error 141 clean install kubuntu 16.04 on Thinkpad X201

I have some years of experience installing Linux on servers, but, this is my first time trying to test Kubuntu on my thinkpad x201 for regular use

I did

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=1M count=10000

just to wipe the previous OS in there.

So the disk is clean without any content or partitions in it

But the Kubuntu installer keeps throwing ubi-partman error 141

It is a very simple default install, not dual boot. Are there any easy ways to solve this?

I just want something friendly, in order to taste it for a regular user with gmail and youtube, and i dont want a heavy OS, that is why i´m trying Kubuntu.

apt - Unmet dependencies issue

apt-get -f install fails
apt-get upgrade Fails

I am missing many packages required for my companies software

after installing our software several issues started popping up

these are missing dependencies/packages

there are probably others however these are the ones that come up when I search for packages missing dependencies

    libgnutlsxx27:amd64
    libatomic1:amd64
     cpp-4.8
     g++-4.8

     libexpat1-dev:amd64
     libxext-dev:amd64
     libstdc++-4.8-dev:amd64
     libaprutil1-dev
     libquadmath0:amd64
     libcairo2-dev
     libtsan0:amd64
     gcc-4.8
     libfontconfig1-dev
     libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64

    libidn11-dev
     php5-gd
     libldap2-dev:amd64
     php5-curl
     libcairomm-1.0-dev:amd64
     g++ 
     libtasn1-6-dev
     libasan0:amd64
     libgfortran3:amd64
     libpython2.7-dev:amd64

     libpng12-dev
     cpp
     libcurl4-gnutls-dev:amd64
     build-essential
     gcc
     libpython-dev:amd64
     comerr-dev
     libboost1.54-dev
     libhdf5-7:amd64
     libc6:amd64 

     libc6:i386
     libsm6:amd64
     gvfs-daemons
     libboost-date-time1.54-dev:amd64
     libxxf86vm1:amd64
     protobuf-c-compiler
     libboost-mpi1.54.0
     libgnutls-dev
     libv8-3.14.5
     libboost-program-options1.54-dev:amd64

     php5-readline
     postgresql-contrib-9.3
     libpixman-1-0:amd64
     libcolord1:amd64
     libpcre3-dev:amd64
     make
     libgmp10:amd64

When running the init.d command the system stated that the init.d does not exist

I checked the folder and its there

How can I fix it?

sudo apt-get -f install -y
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...

Correcting dependencies... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  comerr-dev cpp cpp-4.8 dpkg-dev gcc gcc-4.8 krb5-multidev libaprutil1-dev
  libasan0 libatomic1 libc6 libcurl3-gnutls libcurl4-gnutls-dev libdpkg-perl
  libexpat1-dev libfreetype6-dev libgcc-4.8-dev libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa
  libgmp10 libgnutls-dev libgnutlsxx27 libgomp1 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssrpc4
  libidn11-dev libitm1 libk5crypto3 libkadm5clnt-mit9 libkadm5srv-mit9
  libkrb5-3 libkrb5-dev libkrb5support0 libldap2-dev libpci-dev libpcre3-dev
  libpcrecpp0 libpixman-1-0 libpixman-1-dev libpng12-dev libpq-dev libpq5
  libquadmath0 libsm6 libsqlite3-dev libtasn1-6-dev libtsan0 libxxf86vm1 make

  openjdk-7-jre openjdk-7-jre-headless postgresql-9.3 postgresql-contrib-9.3
Suggested packages:
  doc-base cpp-doc gcc-4.8-locales debian-keyring gcc-multilib automake1.9
  flex bison gdb gcc-doc gcc-4.8-multilib gcc-4.8-doc libgcc1-dbg libgomp1-dbg
  libitm1-dbg libatomic1-dbg libasan0-dbg libtsan0-dbg libquadmath0-dbg
  krb5-doc glibc-doc libcurl4-doc libcurl3-dbg gnutls26-doc gnutls-bin
  krb5-user postgresql-doc-9.3 sqlite3-doc make-doc icedtea-7-jre-jamvm
  libnss-mdns sun-java6-fonts fonts-ipafont-gothic fonts-ipafont-mincho
  ttf-wqy-microhei ttf-wqy-zenhei ttf-indic-fonts-core ttf-telugu-fonts
  ttf-oriya-fonts ttf-kannada-fonts ttf-bengali-fonts oidentd ident-server

  locales-all libdbd-pg-perl
Recommended packages:
  build-essential
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  comerr-dev cpp cpp-4.8 gcc gcc-4.8 libaprutil1-dev libasan0 libatomic1
  libcurl4-gnutls-dev libexpat1-dev libgmp10 libgnutls-dev libgnutlsxx27
  libldap2-dev libpcre3-dev libpixman-1-0 libpng12-dev libquadmath0 libsm6
  libtasn1-6-dev libtsan0 libxxf86vm1 make postgresql-contrib-9.3
The following packages will be upgraded:
  dpkg-dev krb5-multidev libc6 libcurl3-gnutls libdpkg-perl libfreetype6-dev

  libgcc-4.8-dev libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libgomp1 libgssapi-krb5-2
  libgssrpc4 libidn11-dev libitm1 libk5crypto3 libkadm5clnt-mit9
  libkadm5srv-mit9 libkrb5-3 libkrb5-dev libkrb5support0 libpci-dev
  libpcrecpp0 libpixman-1-dev libpq-dev libpq5 libsqlite3-dev openjdk-7-jre
  openjdk-7-jre-headless postgresql-9.3
Preconfiguring packages ...
29 upgraded, 24 newly installed, 0 to remove and 105 not upgraded.
337 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/65.8 MB of archives.
After this operation, 45.9 MB of additional disk space will be used.

(Reading database ... 82106 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libc6_2.19-0ubuntu6.11_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libc6:amd64 (2.19-0ubuntu6.11) over (2.19-0ubuntu6.5) ...
Extracting templates from packages: 100%
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.19-0ubuntu6.11_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite shared '/usr/share/doc/libc6/changelog.Debian.gz', which is different from other instances of package libc6:amd64
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.19-0ubuntu6.11_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)


 sudo apt -f dist-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  comerr-dev cpp cpp-4.8 gcc gcc-4.8 libaprutil1-dev libasan0 libatomic1
  libcurl4-gnutls-dev libexpat1-dev libgmp10 libgnutls-dev libgnutlsxx27

  libldap2-dev libpcre3-dev libpixman-1-0 libpng12-dev libquadmath0 libsm6
  libtasn1-6-dev libtsan0 libxxf86vm1 linux-headers-4.4.0-66
  linux-headers-4.4.0-66-generic linux-image-4.4.0-66-generic
  linux-image-extra-4.4.0-66-generic linux-signed-image-4.4.0-66-generic make
  postgresql-contrib-9.3
The following packages will be upgraded:
  apache2 apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-dev binutils dbus-x11 dh-apparmor
  dpkg-dev fontconfig fontconfig-config git git-core git-man icu-devtools
  krb5-multidev libapache2-mod-php5 libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data
  libavahi-common3 libavahi-glib1 libbatik-java libc-ares2 libc6 libcups2

  libcurl3-gnutls libdpkg-perl libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1
  libfontconfig1 libfreetype6-dev libfreexl1 libgcc-4.8-dev libgcrypt11
  libgcrypt11-dev libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common libgl1-mesa-dri
  libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libgomp1 libgraphite2-3 libgssapi-krb5-2
  libgssrpc4 libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-bin libgtk2.0-common libharfbuzz0b
  libibverbs-dev libibverbs1 libicu-dev libicu52 libidn11-dev libitm1
  libjasper-dev libjasper1 libk5crypto3 libkadm5clnt-mit9 libkadm5srv-mit9
  libkdb5-7 libkrb5-3 libkrb5-dev libkrb5support0 liblcms2-2 liblwgeom-2.1.2
  libmysqlclient-dev libmysqlclient18 libnspr4 libnss3 libnss3-nssdb
  libpci-dev libpcrecpp0 libpixman-1-dev libpoppler44 libpostgis-java

  libpq-dev libpq5 libpulse0 libsndfile1 libsqlite3-dev libssl-dev libssl-doc
  libssl1.0.0 libsvn1 libtdb1 libtiff4-dev libtiff5 libtiff5-dev libtiffxx5
  libuuid1 libxerces-c-dev libxerces-c3.1 libxfixes3 libxfont1 libxi6 libxml2
  libxml2-dev libxrandr2 libxrender-dev libxrender1
  linux-headers-generic-lts-xenial linux-libc-dev
  linux-signed-generic-lts-xenial linux-signed-image-generic-lts-xenial
  munin-common munin-doc munin-node munin-plugins-core munin-plugins-extra
  mysql-common openjdk-7-jre openjdk-7-jre-headless php-pear php5 php5-cli
  php5-common php5-pgsql postgresql postgresql-9.3
  postgresql-9.3-postgis-scripts postgresql-client-9.3

  postgresql-client-common postgresql-common postgresql-contrib
  postgresql-server-dev-9.3 subversion tzdata tzdata-java unzip uuid-dev wget
  x11-common x11proto-core-dev xtrans-dev
134 upgraded, 29 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
337 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 67.2 MB/189 MB of archives.
After this operation, 348 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Fetched 67.2 MB in 1min 3s (1,053 kB/s)
Extracting templates from packages: 100%

Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 82106 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libc6_2.19-0ubuntu6.11_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libc6:amd64 (2.19-0ubuntu6.11) over (2.19-0ubuntu6.5) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.19-0ubuntu6.11_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite shared '/usr/share/doc/libc6/changelog.Debian.gz', which is different from other instances of package libc6:amd64
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.19-0ubuntu6.11_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)